2018考研英語(yǔ)閱讀解題思路：主旨題

　　今天我們要分析的是主旨題的做題思路。“理解文章的主旨大意”是大綱對(duì)閱讀的明確要求。一篇文章理解的好不好關(guān)鍵在于主旨有沒(méi)有看懂，所以，對(duì)于主旨的把握考生必須給予足夠重視。那么主旨題怎樣識(shí)別呢?通常在題干中會(huì)出現(xiàn)main idea或mainly about或讓你選擇best title。例如下列題干：What is the passage mainly about?The best title for the text may be ____. We can draw a conclusion from the text that_____.這些都要按照主旨題的做題思路來(lái)操作，下面我們以2003年的真題為例：

　　It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional. Small wonder. Americans’ life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century. Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression controlled, cataracts removed in a 30-minute surgical procedure. Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life that was unimaginable when I entered medicine 50 years ago. But not even a great health-care system can cure death—and our failure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours.

　　40. The text intends to express the idea that ________.

　　[A] medicine will further prolong people’s lives

　　[B] life beyond a certain limit is not worth living

　　[C] death should be accepted as a fact of life

　　[D] excessive demands increase the cost of health care

　　解析：題干要求找出文章的idea，即主旨大意。此時(shí)應(yīng)該重點(diǎn)讀取首段信息，看首句和轉(zhuǎn)折句。該段首句是引語(yǔ)It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional.并不是論點(diǎn)句，所以不符合主旨句的特點(diǎn)。繼續(xù)往下我們看到了轉(zhuǎn)折句But not even a great health-care system can cure death即使再偉大的醫(yī)療體系也無(wú)法治愈死亡。轉(zhuǎn)折在行文中就是表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，是作者要重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)的信息，也是下文的論述中心。所以該句即是體現(xiàn)全文主旨的句子，匹配選項(xiàng)只有[C] death should be accepted as a fact of life“死亡應(yīng)該作為生命的現(xiàn)實(shí)而被接受”。既然原文提到死亡是避免不了的，所以就需要我們接受這個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)，這屬于同意闡述。

　　考研英語(yǔ)閱讀中的主旨題是考生需要重點(diǎn)掌握的一類(lèi)題型，這種題型不像細(xì)節(jié)題一樣，沒(méi)有定位可尋。多以建議的做題方法是通讀首段，尤其是首句和轉(zhuǎn)折句的信息，通常是主旨句的出處。西方人的思維習(xí)慣開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山，所以大多數(shù)文章的主旨都可以從首段推出。還是希望考生多做真題，勤加練習(xí)，熟練掌握。