2016騫磋€冪爺緇忔祹瀛﹀繀澶囪瘝姹?鍏?_璺ㄨ€冪綉

銆€銆€141銆佸瘜鏈変環(huán)鏍煎脊鎬?Price elastic)

銆€銆€濡傛灉闇€姹傜殑浠鋒牸寮規(guī)€уぇ浜?錛岄偅涔堝晢鍝佺殑闇€姹傚氨鏄瘜鏈変環(huán)鏍煎脊鎬с€?/p>

銆€銆€142銆侀渶姹傜殑浠鋒牸寮規(guī)€?Price elasticity of demand)

銆€銆€闇€姹傜殑浠鋒牸寮規(guī)€ф槸鎸囦環(huán)鏍煎彉鍖?%瀵艱嚧鐨勯渶姹傞噺鍙樺寲鐨勭櫨鍒嗘瘮(涔?fàn)鎯笂閫氬父浠ユ鏁拌〃紺?銆?/p>

銆€銆€143銆佷緵緇欑殑浠鋒牸寮規(guī)€?Price elasticity of supply)

銆€銆€渚涚粰鐨勪環(huán)鏍煎脊鎬ф槸鎸囦環(huán)鏍煎彉鍖?%瀵艱嚧鐨勪緵緇欓噺鍙樺寲鐨勭櫨鍒嗘瘮銆?/p>

銆€銆€144銆佹渶浣庨檺浠?Pricefloor)

銆€銆€鏈€浣庨檺浠鋒槸鎸囨斂搴滃鏌愮鍟嗗搧鎵€瑙勫畾鐨勬渶浣庝環(huán)鏍箋€備緥濡傦紝鑱旈偊鍐滀笟璁″垝瑙勫畾浜嗗皬楹﹀拰鐜夌背鐨勬渶浣庝環(huán)鏍箋€?/p>

銆€銆€145銆佺己涔忎環(huán)鏍煎脊鎬?Price inelastic)

銆€銆€濡傛灉闇€姹傜殑浠鋒牸寮規(guī)€у皬浜?錛岄偅涔堝晢鍝佺殑闇€姹傚氨鏄己涔忎環(huán)鏍煎脊鎬с€?/p>

銆€銆€146銆佷環(huán)鏍奸瀵艱€?Price leader)

銆€銆€浠鋒牸棰嗗鑰呮槸鎸囧湪瀵″ご鍨勬柇鐨勮涓氫腑鍒跺畾浠鋒牸騫朵笖鍏朵粬鍘傚晢鎰挎剰璺熼殢鐨勫巶鍟嗐€?/p>

銆€銆€147銆佷環(huán)鏍肩郴緇?Price system)

銆€銆€鍦ㄤ環(huán)鏍肩郴緇熶笅錛屽晢鍝佸拰鏈嶅姟閮芥湁涓€涓環(huán)鏍鹼紝鍦ㄧ函綺圭殑璧勬湰涓諱箟緇忔祹涓環(huán)鏍兼墽琛屼竴涓粡嫻庣郴緇熺殑鍩烘湰鑱岃兘(鍐沖畾鐢熶駭浠€涔堛€佹€庢牱鐢熶駭銆佹瘡涓漢搴旇寰楀埌澶氬皯浠ュ強(qiáng)涓€涓浗瀹剁殑澧為暱鐜囧簲璇ユ槸澶氬皯)銆?/p>

銆€銆€148銆佸鎵?-浠ｇ悊闂(Principal-agentproblem)

銆€銆€鐢變簬緇忕悊鎴栧伐浜哄彲鑳戒細(xì)榪芥眰鑷繁鐨勭洰鏍囷紝鍗充究榪欐牱鍋氫細(xì)鍑忓皯浼佷笟鎵€鏈夎€呯殑鍒╂鼎錛屼粠鑰屽鑷翠簡濮旀墭--浠ｇ悊闂銆傜粡鐞嗘垨宸ヤ漢鏄負(fù)鎵€鏈夎€呭伐浣滅殑浠ｇ悊浜猴紝鎵€鏈夎€呮槸濮旀墭浜恒€?/p>

銆€銆€149銆佸洑鐘洶澧?Prisoner`sdilemma)

銆€銆€鍥氱姱鍥板鏄寚榪欐牱涓€縐嶆儏褰紝姝ゆ椂涓や釜浜?鎴栧巶鍟?鍚堜綔瑕佹瘮涓嶅悎浣滃ソ錛屼絾鏄瘡涓漢閮借寰椾笉鍚堜綔絎﹀悎浠栫殑鍒╃泭錛屽洜姝ゆ瘡涓漢鐨勭姸鍐甸兘瑕佸潖浜庡鏋滀粬浠悎浣滄椂鐨勫鍐點(diǎn)€?/p>

銆€銆€150銆佺浜烘垚鏈?Privatecost)

銆€銆€縐佷漢鎴愭湰鏄寚鍗曚釜浣跨敤鑰呬負(fù)浜嗚兘澶熶嬌鐢ㄦ煇涓€璧勬簮鑰屽甫鏉ョ殑璐圭敤銆?/p>