2015研究生入學統(tǒng)一考試試題及答案完整版（英語一）

　　[估分]2015年考研英語估分

　　[答案]2015年考研英語真題答案

　　[解析]2015年考研英語真題解析

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   Section 1 Use of English

　　Directions:Readthe following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank andmark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

　　Though not biologically related, friends are as "related" as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is 1 a study published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has 2 .

　　The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted 3 1932 unique subjects which 4 pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both 5 .

　　While 1% may seem 6 , it is not so to a geneticist. As co-author of the study James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego says, "Most people do not even 7 their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who 8 our kin."

　　The team also developed a "friendship score" which can predict who will be your friend based on their genes.

　　The study 9 found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity. Why this similarity in olfactory genes is difficult to explain, for now. 10 , as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more 11 it. There could be many mechanisms working in tandem that 12 us in choosing genetically similar friends 13 than "functional kinship" of being friends with 14 !

　　One of the remarkable findings of the study was that the similar genes seem to be evolving 15 than other genes. Studying this could help 16 why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major 17 factor.

　　The findings do not simply corroborate people’s 18 to befriend those of similar 19 backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to 20 that all subjects, friends and strangers were taken from the same population. The team also controlled the data to check ancestry of subjects.

　　1 A what         B why           C how           D when

　　2 A defended     B concluded     C withdrawn     D advised

　　3 A for          B with          C by            D on

　　4 A separated    B sought        C compared      D connected

　　5 A tests        B objects       C samples       D examples

　　6 A insignificant B unexpected   C unreliable    D incredible

　　7 A visit         B miss         C know          D seek

　　8 A surpass       B influence    C favor         D resemble

　　9 A again         B also         C instead       D thus

　　10 A Meanwhile    B Furthermore  C Likewise      D Perhaps

　　11 A about        B to           C from          D like

　　12 A limit        B observe      C confuse       D drive

　　13 A according to B rather than  C regardless of D along with

　　14 A chances      B responses    C benefits      D missions

　　15 A faster       B slower       C later         D earlier

　　16 A forecast     B remember     C express       D understand

　　17 A unpredicted  B contributory C controllable  D disruptive

　　18 A tendency     B decision     C arrangement   D endeavor

　　19 A political    B religious    C ethnic        D economic

　　20 A see          B show         C prove         D tell

　　答案解析

　　1、A what 本句的句意是：這就是加利福尼亞大學和耶魯大學在美國國家科學院報告上聯(lián)合發(fā)表的研究成果。第一個空考察表語從句的引導詞。

　　2、B concluded 本句的句意是：這就是加利福尼亞大學和耶魯大學在美國國家科學院報告上聯(lián)合發(fā)表的研究成果。第二個空為針對從句謂語進行的詞義考察。

　　3、D on 本句前半句的句意是：這項研究是一個基于1932個獨特個體的基因組廣譜分析?？疾霤onduct on詞組，進行。從句意為：它對成對兒的非親緣朋友和陌生人進行比較。

　　4、C compared 比較，根據(jù)上下文及后一句的same知道，比較為最佳。

　　5、C samples 詞義題，樣本，C為最佳選項。

　　6、A insignificant 詞義題，1%，以及后面的not so轉(zhuǎn)折，判斷，A insignificant不顯著，為最佳選項。

　　7、C know 句意為：一些人雖然并不認識他們第四代的表親，但他們選擇的朋友卻和這些親戚頗有相似之處。

　　8、D resemble 詞義題，和上一個空形成轉(zhuǎn)折。

　　9、B also 上下文邏輯題，發(fā)現(xiàn)了，還發(fā)現(xiàn)了。Also為最佳選項。

　　10、D Perhaps 結(jié)合上下文：這一現(xiàn)象很難解釋，后面接原因，原因“可能”是……最符合文章大意。

　　11、B to 介詞題，意為：就像這個科研團隊所發(fā)現(xiàn)的，這個因素不僅把我們帶到詳細的環(huán)境中來，更有一些深層次的影響。

　　12、D drive 詞義題，根據(jù)上下文，對我們產(chǎn)生影響，驅(qū)使我們……drive為最佳選項。

　　13、B rather than 邏輯題，基因上相似的，功能上相似的，二者對立不能同時存在，rather than不是…而是最符合。

　　14、C benefits 跟“功能”搭配，選個褒義詞，帶來好處的，最佳。

　　15、A faster 詞義題，根據(jù)后半句解釋，這就是為什么“picked pace”加速，這里只能選faster，一些比另外一些進化得更快，符合文意。

　　16、D understand 詞義題，這個研究可以幫助我們理解一個事實。

　　17、B contributory 本句意為：社會環(huán)境是最主要的一個因素。Contributory貢獻，最佳。

　　18、A tendency 結(jié)合文章主旨，選擇基因相似的人做朋友是普遍現(xiàn)象，tendency趨勢傾向最符合。

　　19、C ethnic 同義替換，基因背景相似，種族的，民族的，最符合。

　　20、A see 本句意為：盡管所有的研究對象都取自歐洲血統(tǒng)，研究者也花心思確保了所有(用于比對的)朋友和陌生人也源自該血統(tǒng)中的同一支系。

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