2021考研英語(yǔ)真題：英語(yǔ)一翻譯解析

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　　英語(yǔ)一翻譯解析

　　Part C: Read the following text are fully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.( 10 points)

　　46. Those societies came out of the war with levels of enrollment that had been roughly constant at 3%-5% of the relevant age groups during the decades before the war.

　　【解析】1.這句話主干為T(mén)hose societies came out of the war.

　　2. with levels of enrollment是介賓短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ);

　　3. that had been roughly constant at 3%-5% of the relevant age groups是定語(yǔ)從句修飾前面levels of enrollment.

　　【參考譯文】戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束后，這些社會(huì)的入學(xué)率仍舊保持在戰(zhàn)前幾十年里相關(guān)年齡段的3%-5%。

　　47. And the demand that rose in those societies of entry to higher education extended to groups and social classes that had not thought of attending a university before the war.

　　【解析】1. 這句話主干為the demand extended to groups and social classes，其中extended為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;

　　2. that rose in those societies of entry to higher education定語(yǔ)從句修飾demand;

　　3. that had not thought of attending a university before the war定語(yǔ)從句修飾前面groups and social classes.

　　【參考譯文】那些社會(huì)中對(duì)獲得高等教育的需求不斷上升，戰(zhàn)前沒(méi)有想過(guò)上大學(xué)的群體和社會(huì)階層也逐步有了這樣的需求。

　　48. In many countries of western Europe, the numbers of student in higher education doubled within five-years periods during the 1960s and doubled again in seven, eight or 10 years by the middle of 1970 s.

　　【解析】這句話主干為the numbers of student in higher education doubled and double again，In many countries of western Europe為地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，其他部分為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

　　【參考譯文】20世紀(jì)60年代，許多西歐國(guó)家接受高等教育的學(xué)生人數(shù)在5年內(nèi)翻了一番，到70年代中期，在7年、8年或10年里又翻了一番。

　　49. and when the new staff are predominantly young men and women fresh from past graduate study, they largely define the norms of academic life in that faculty.

　　【解析】這句話主干為they largely define the norms of academic life in that faculty，when引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句;其中fresh from past graduate study是形容詞短語(yǔ)修飾men and women。

　　【參考譯文】新員工當(dāng)中大部分是剛畢業(yè)的年輕男女時(shí)，他們?cè)诤艽蟪潭壬隙x了該院的學(xué)術(shù)生活規(guī)范。

　　50. High growth rates increased the chances for academic innovation, they also weakened the forms and process by which teachers and students are admitted into a community of scholars during periods of stability or slow growth.

　　【解析】1.這句話主干是一個(gè)并列句為High growth rates increased the chances for academic innovation, they also weakened the forms and process;

　　2. by which teachers and students are admitted into a community of scholars during periods of stability or slow growth定語(yǔ)從句修飾forms and process.

　　【參考譯文】高增長(zhǎng)率增加了學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)新的機(jī)會(huì)，同時(shí)也削弱了教師和學(xué)生在穩(wěn)定或緩慢增長(zhǎng)時(shí)期加入學(xué)者群體的形式和過(guò)程。

　　(本文為跨考教育政治教研室老師原創(chuàng)，轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處。)