2018考研英語閱讀：例證題的解題思路

　　今天我們要分析的是例證題的做題思路。通過閱讀文章“區(qū)分論點(diǎn)論據(jù)”是大綱對閱讀的明確要求。該題型在每年的真題當(dāng)中一般會考一個到兩個。雖然分值比重不高，但是這種題目是有固定解題策略的，掌握了方法后就能十拿九穩(wěn)。首先對于例證題的識別大家要清楚，題干中經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)example和illustration這樣的詞，來看兩個例子：What does the example of Indian illustrate? The author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged ________. 這就是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的例證題題干，要采用例證題的做題思路來做。我們來看一道真題：

　　Science, in practice, depends far less on the experiments it prepares than on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch the experiments. Sir Isaac Newton supposedly discovered gravity through the fall of an apple. Apples had been falling in many places for centuries and thousands of people had seen them fall. But Newton for years had been curious about the cause of the orbital motion of the moon and planets. What kept them in place? Why didn’t they fall out of the sky? The fact that the apple fell down toward the earth and not up into the tree answered the question he had been asking himself about those larger fruits of the heavens, the moon and the planets.

　　題干：The author wants to prove with the example of Isaac Newton that ________.

　　[A] inquiring minds are more important than scientific experiments

　　[B] science advances when fruitful researches are conducted

　　[C] scientists seldom forget the essential nature of research

　　[D] unpredictability weighs less than prediction in scientific research

　　解析：題干出現(xiàn)example標(biāo)志是例證題，問作者想用牛頓的例子證明什么?返回原文定位例子的出處，是在段落的第二句Sir Isaac Newton supposedly discovered gravity。根據(jù)例證的原則，例子的出現(xiàn)是為了證明主題論點(diǎn)，而論點(diǎn)通常是出現(xiàn)在例子之前，所以該題的答案不是從第二句找，而是從第一句找。Science, in practice, depends far less on the experiments it prepares than on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch the experiments. 與其說科學(xué)以來的是準(zhǔn)備好的實(shí)驗(yàn)，不如說它跟多的依賴于觀察實(shí)驗(yàn)的人的頭腦的準(zhǔn)備。強(qiáng)調(diào)人的頭腦的重要性，所以匹配的答案是A選項(xiàng)inquiring minds are more important。而其他三個選項(xiàng)都是在講實(shí)驗(yàn)本身，不是論點(diǎn)句的核心信息。

　　考研英語閱讀中的例證題是一類有著特殊解題特點(diǎn)的題目，做題時首先要找到例子的出處，然后再去前文找論點(diǎn)，匹配正確答案。希望考生多做真題，勤加練習(xí)，熟練掌握。