考研英語翻譯技巧之被動語態(tài)_跨考網(wǎng)
一、譯成漢語主動句
保存原文主語
The meeting is scheduled for April 6th。
會議定于四月六日舉行。
Water can be changed from a liquid into a solid。
水能從液體變成固體。
When rust is formed , a chemical change has taken place。
當(dāng)銹形成的時候，就發(fā)生了化學(xué)變化。
主賓顛倒
She was given a new pen by her father。
她爸爸送給她一支新鋼筆。
Heat and light can be given off by this chemical change。
這種化學(xué)反應(yīng)能放出熱和光。
Only a small portion of solar energy is now being used by us。
現(xiàn)在我們只能利用一小部分太陽能。
Communication satellites have already been used for living transmission in our country。
我國已將通訊衛(wèi)星用于實況轉(zhuǎn)播。
The numerical data concerned are provided in the next chapter。
下一章提供了有關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)資料。
增加主語
The issue has not yet been thoroughly explored。
人們對這一問題迄今尚未進行過徹底的探索。
She was seen to enter the building about the time the crime was committed。
有人看見她大致在案發(fā)時進入了那座建筑物。
What we say here will not be long remembered, but what we do here can change the world。
我們在這里所講的話，人們不會長久記住。然而我們在這兒所做的事，卻能改變世界。
二、譯成漢語無主句
Measures have been taken to prevent the epidemic from spreading quickly。
已經(jīng)采取了措施來防止這種流行病迅速蔓延。
Water can be shown as containing impurities。
可以證明，水含有雜質(zhì)。
The unpleasant noise must be immediately put an end。
必須全部停止這種討厭的噪聲。
三、譯成漢語判斷句
The decision to attack was not taken lightly。
進攻的決定不是輕易作出的。
Printing was introduced into Europe from China。
印刷術(shù)是從中國傳入歐洲的。
The manuscript was sent to the printer in London a few weeks before the French revolution。
手稿是在法國革命前幾周寄往倫敦付印的。
The credit system in America was first adopted by Harvard University in 1872.
美國的學(xué)分制是1872年在哈佛大學(xué)首先實施的。
四、譯成漢語被動句
使用“被、受、遭、讓、給、由、把、得到、受到、加以、得以、為.。.所、由.。.來”等等。
The minister was found to have appropriated government money。
部長被發(fā)現(xiàn)挪用公款。
He had been fired for refusing to obey orders from the head office。
他因拒絕接受總公司的命令而被解雇了。
The schoolboy was knocked down by a minibus when crossing the street。
那名男生在穿過街道時讓一輛小公共汽車撞倒了。
He was praised by his teacher。
他得到了老師的表揚。
Problems should be resolved in good time。
問題應(yīng)及時加以解決。
For a long period to come, most of China’s elderly will continue to be provided for by their families。
在未來較長的一段時間里，中國的老年人仍舊要由家庭來贍養(yǎng)。
五、常用被動句型“It+被動語態(tài)+that”的翻譯
It is considered that bioclimatology is an involved subject。
有人認(rèn)為，生物氣候?qū)W是一門復(fù)雜的學(xué)科。
It is stressed that the field of science may be divided into two major areas: natural science and social science。
有人強調(diào)說，科學(xué)的范疇可以分成兩個主要領(lǐng)域：自然科學(xué)和社會科學(xué)。
It should be pointed out that this process is oxidation。
應(yīng)該指出，這一過程就是氧化。
下面是一些常用被動句型的習(xí)慣譯法：
It is hoped that... 希望，有人希望
It is assumed that... 假設(shè)，假定
It is claimed that... 據(jù)說，有人主張
It is believed that... 有人想信，大家相信
It is reported that... 據(jù)報道，據(jù)通報
It is considered that... 人們認(rèn)為，據(jù)估計
It is said that... 據(jù)說，有人說
It is supposed that... 據(jù)推測，人們猜測
It has been announced that... 已經(jīng)宣布
It is asserted that... 有人主張
It is rumored that... 有人主張
It is rumored that... 聽說，謠傳
It is noticed that... 有人指出，人們注意到
It is suggested that... 有人建議，建議
It is reputed that... 人們認(rèn)為，可以認(rèn)為
It is learned that... 據(jù)說，據(jù)聞，已經(jīng)查明
It is demonstrated that... 據(jù)證實，已經(jīng)證明
It is estimated that... 據(jù)估計，有人估計
It is estimated that... 有人指出，人們指出
It is pointed out that... 有人推薦，有人建議
It is proposed that... 有人提出
It was told that... 有人曾經(jīng)說
It was first intended that... 最初就有這樣的想法
It will be said that... 有人會說
It will be seen from this that... 由此可見，因此可知
It was noted above that... 前面已經(jīng)指出
It must be admitted that... 必須承認(rèn)，老實說
It has been illustrated that... 據(jù)圖示，據(jù)說明
It is stressed that... 有人強調(diào)說
It is stressed that... 有人列舉出了
It can not be denied that... 無可否認(rèn)
It can be said without exaggeration that... 可以毫不夸張的說
It is sometimes asked that.。.人們有時會問
It was felt that... 有人認(rèn)識到了
It is universally accepted that... 人們普遍認(rèn)為
It is unanimously agreed that... 大家一致同意
It is alleged that... 據(jù)說
It is calculated that... 據(jù)計算
It has been proved that... 已經(jīng)證明
It has been found that... 人們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)
It is still to be hoped that... 我們?nèi)匀幌Ｍ?/p>
It is well-known that... 眾所周知，大家都知道
It should be realized that... 我們應(yīng)該認(rèn)識到……
2022考研初復(fù)試已經(jīng)接近尾聲，考研學(xué)子全面進入2023屆備考，跨考為23考研的考生準(zhǔn)備了10大課包全程準(zhǔn)備、全年復(fù)習(xí)備考計劃、目標(biāo)院校專業(yè)輔導(dǎo)、全真復(fù)試模擬練習(xí)和全程針對性指導(dǎo)；2023考研的小伙伴針也已經(jīng)開始擇校和復(fù)習(xí)了，跨考考研暢學(xué)5.0版本全新升級，無論你在校在家都可以更自如的完成你的考研復(fù)習(xí)，暑假集訓(xùn)營帶來了院校專業(yè)初步選擇，明確方向；考研備考全年規(guī)劃，核心知識點入門；個性化制定備考方案，助你贏在起跑線，早出發(fā)一點離成功就更近一點！
點擊右側(cè)咨詢或直接前往了解更多
| 考研院校專業(yè)選擇和考研復(fù)習(xí)計劃 | |||
| 2023備考學(xué)習(xí) | 2023線上線下隨時學(xué)習(xí) | 34所自劃線院校考研復(fù)試分?jǐn)?shù)線匯總 | |
| 2022考研復(fù)試最全信息整理 | 全國各招生院?？佳袕?fù)試分?jǐn)?shù)線匯總 | ||
| 2023全日制封閉訓(xùn)練 | 全國各招生院校考研調(diào)劑信息匯總 | ||
| 2023考研先知 | 考研考試科目有哪些？ | 如何正確看待考研分?jǐn)?shù)線？ | |
| 不同院校相同專業(yè)如何選擇更適合自己的 | 從就業(yè)說考研如何擇專業(yè)？ | ||
| 手把手教你如何選專業(yè)？ | 高校研究生教育各學(xué)科門類排行榜 | ||
跨考考研課程
| 班型 | 定向班型 | 開班時間 | 高定班 | 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)班 | 課程介紹 | 咨詢 |
| 秋季集訓(xùn) | 沖刺班 | 9.10-12.20 | 168000 | 24800起 | 小班面授+專業(yè)課1對1+專業(yè)課定向輔導(dǎo)+協(xié)議加強課程(高定班)+專屬規(guī)劃答疑(高定班)+精細(xì)化答疑+復(fù)試資源(高定班)+復(fù)試課包(高定班)+復(fù)試指導(dǎo)(高定班)+復(fù)試班主任1v1服務(wù)(高定班)+復(fù)試面授密訓(xùn)(高定班)+復(fù)試1v1(高定班) | |
| 2023集訓(xùn)暢學(xué) | 非定向（政英班/數(shù)政英班） | 每月20日 | 22800起(協(xié)議班) | 13800起 | 先行階在線課程+基礎(chǔ)階在線課程+強化階在線課程+真題階在線課程+沖刺階在線課程+專業(yè)課針對性一對一課程+班主任全程督學(xué)服務(wù)+全程規(guī)劃體系+全程測試體系+全程精細(xì)化答疑+擇校擇專業(yè)能力定位體系+全年關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)指導(dǎo)體系+初試加強課+初試專屬服務(wù)+復(fù)試全科標(biāo)準(zhǔn)班服務(wù) |
