2012騫磋€冪爺鑻辮闃呰鐞嗚В綺捐綃囷紙涓€錛塤璺ㄨ€冪綉

銆€銆€TEXT ONE

銆€銆€As Americas digest the news of another gun atrocity, a mall shooting in Nebraska on December 5th, they cannot be blamed for thinking that guns are in too ready supply. But an article in the latest Economic Journa suggests that the demand for illegal guns, at least, is not met as easily as people might fear. Sudhir Venkatesh, now of Columbia University, has talked to 132 gang-members, 77 prostitutes, 116 gun-owning youths, 23 gun-dealers and numerous other denizens of Chicago's Grand Boulevard and Washington Park neighbourhoods. He did not find many satisfied customers.

銆€銆€Chicago has unusually tough restrictions on legal handguns. Even so the black market is surprisingly 鈥渢hin鈥? attracting relatively few buyers and sellers. The authors reckon that the 48,000 residents of the two neighbourhoods buy perhaps 1,400 guns a year, compared with at least 200,000 cocaine purchases. Underground brokers sell guns for $150-350, a mark-up of perhaps 200% over the legal price. They also demand a fee of $30-50 for orchestrating the deal. Even then, 30-40% of the transactions fall through because the seller cannot secure a gun, gets cold feet or cannot agree on a location for the deal.

銆€銆€Buyers also find it hard to verify the quality of the merchandise. They often know little about the weapons they covet. 鈥淭ony鈥? who owns a .38 calibre handgun, learnt how to use his weapon by fiddling with it. He even put a stone in it. 鈥淒id it fire?鈥?Mr Venkatesh asked. 鈥淚'm not sure. I think it did,鈥?Tony said.

銆€銆€Fortunately for Tony and his peers, their rivals and the victims of crime cannot tell if their guns work any better than they can. Often, showing the 鈥渂ulge鈥?is enough to gain the respect of rival gangs. In robberies brandishing the weapon will usually do. Storekeepers do not wait for proof that it works.

銆€銆€Markets can overcome thinness, the paper says; they can also overcome illegality. But they cannot overcome both. A thin market must rely on advertising or a centralised exchange: eBay, for example, has dedicated pages matching sellers of imitation pearl pins or Annette Funicello bears to the few, scattered buyers that can be found. But such solutions are too cumbersome and conspicuous for an underground market. The drugs market, by contrast, slips through the law's fingers because of the natural density of drug transactions. Dealers can always find customers on their doorstep, and buyers can reassure themselves about suppliers through repeated custom. There are no fixed and formal institutions that the police could easily throttle.

銆€銆€Indeed, the authors argue that the gun market may be threadbare partly because the drug market is so plump. Gang-leaders are wary of gun-dealing because the extra police scrutiny that guns attract would jeopardise their earnings from coke and dope. Even Chicago's gang-leaders have to worry about the effect of crime on commerce.

銆€銆€Some of the gun transactins are unsuccessful mainly because_____

銆€銆€[A] it is not profitable as the underground price of gun far exceeds legal price.

銆€銆€[B] Chicago has surprisingly tough restrictions on the ownership and business of guns.

銆€銆€[C] the dealers are unable to guarntee whether the deal is really going to happen or not.

銆€銆€[D] it is hard to testify the quality of the guns in actual situations.

銆€銆€2.Compared with the gun market, the drug market can be 鈥渇at鈥?mainly because_____

銆€銆€[A] it hardly attracts the police鈥檚 attention due to the flexibility of the business.

銆€銆€[B] the drug dealings are taking place in higher frequency.

銆€銆€[C] there are no fixed and formal spots for drug dealing.

銆€銆€[D] drug is affordable to a larger number of people.

銆€銆€3. The word 鈥渃umbersome鈥?(Line 4, Pargraph 5) most probably means_____

銆€銆€[A] transparent.

銆€銆€[B] troubling.

銆€銆€[C] horrible.

銆€銆€[D] stupid.

銆€銆€4. The reason why the authors argue that the gun market may be threadbare partly because the drug market is so plump is _____

銆€銆€[A] that the drug transaction is more prefitable thatn gun-dealing.

銆€銆€[B] that the police are more dedicated to the gun-dealing than to the drug-dealing.

銆€銆€[C] that the gang-leaders are suppressing the gun-dealing in order to maintain their profit from drug

銆€銆€[D] that the gang-leaders are worried about the effect of crime on commerce.

銆€銆€5. Towards the future of gun-dealing, the author鈥檚 attitude is _____

銆€銆€[A] pessimistic.

銆€銆€[B] optimistic.

銆€銆€[C] desperate.

銆€銆€[D] sorrowful.

銆€銆€鏂囩珷鍓栨瀽錛?/p>

銆€銆€榪欑瘒鏂囩珷涓昏浠嬬粛浜嗙洰鍓嶇編鍥芥灙鏀粦甯傜殑鎯呭喌銆傜涓€孌甸€氳繃緹庡浗浜哄皢鏋潃妗堝鐨勫師鍥犲綊浜庢灙鏀瘮杈冨鏄撹幏寰楄繖涓鐐瑰紩鍑篠udhir緇忚皟鏌ュ悗鐨勯┏璁?絎簩孌佃榪板己鍒墮粦甯備氦鏄撻噺鎯呭喌;絎笁孌點€佺鍥涙璁茶堪涔版灙鏀漢鍛樼殑鎯呭喌;絎簲孌點€佺鍏姣旇緝浜嗘灙鏀拰姣掑搧浜ゆ槗錛屽緱鍑虹洰鍓嶆灙鏀氦鏄撴儴娣＄殑鍙︿竴鏂歸潰鍘熷洜銆?/p>

銆€銆€璇嶆眹娉ㄩ噴錛?/p>

銆€銆€denizen n. 灞呮皯 mark-up n. (浠鋒牸涓?鏍囬珮鐨勯噾棰? 娑ㄤ環(huán)騫呭害

銆€銆€fall through v. 澶辮觸 cold feet. 涓撮樀閫€緙?/p>

銆€銆€covet v. 瑙婅錛屽瀭娑?calibre n. 鍙ｅ緞

銆€銆€bulge n. 紿佽搗 brandish v. 鎸ヨ垶

銆€銆€cubersome adj. 璁ㄥ帉鐨? 楹葷儲鐨? 絎ㄩ噸鐨則hrottle v. 鍘嬪埗錛屾壖鏉€

銆€銆€threadbare adj. 鐮存棫鐨勶紝紓ㄨ杽鐨?/p>

銆€銆€闅懼彞紿佺牬錛?/p>

銆€銆€Fortunately for Tony and his peers, their rivals and the victims of crime cannot tell if their guns work any better than they can.

銆€銆€[涓諱綋鍙ュ紡] Their rivals and the victims cannot tell鈥?/p>

銆€銆€[緇撴瀯鍒嗘瀽] 榪欐槸涓€涓畝鍗曞彞錛屽墠闈㈢殑浠嬭瘝鐭鍋氬彞瀛愮殑鐘惰, any better than they can鍚庨潰鐪佺暐浜唗ell錛屼篃鍋氬彞瀛愮殑鐘惰銆?/p>

銆€銆€[鍙ュ瓙璇戞枃] 騫歌繍鐨勬槸錛屽浜嶵ony榪欐牱鐨勪漢錛屼粬浠殑鏁屼漢浠ュ強閭ｄ簺鍙楀浜轟篃姣斾粬浠己涓嶄簡澶氬皯錛屽茍涓嶈兘杈ㄥ埆鍑轟竴鏀姠鏄惁濂界敤銆?/p>

銆€銆€A thin market must rely on advertising or a centralised exchange: eBay, for example, has dedicated pages matching sellers of imitation pearl pins or Annette Funicello bears to the few, scattered buyers that can be found.

銆€銆€[涓諱綋鍙ュ紡] A thin market must rely on鈥? eBay has dedicated鈥?/p>

銆€銆€[緇撴瀯鍒嗘瀽]榪欐槸涓€涓畝鍗曞彞錛屽悗闈㈢敤鏉ヨВ閲婃暣涓彞瀛愮殑浠庡彞涓紝matching鈥︾粍鎴愮殑鐜板湪鍒嗚瘝鐭鍋氬墠闈ages鐨勫畾璇紝鑰屽悗闈㈡湁涓€涓猼hat寮曞鐨勫畾璇粠鍙ヤ慨楗癰uyers銆?/p>

銆€銆€[鍙ュ瓙璇戞枃] 涓€涓嫮紿勭殑甯傚満瑕佷緷璧栦簬騫垮憡鎴栨槸闆嗕腑鐨勪氦鏄撱€傛瘮濡傛槗瓚ｄ笓闂ㄨ鍑哄嚑欏佃閭ｄ簺鍗栧亣鐝嶇彔閽堥グ鐨勫晢瀹舵垨Annette Funicello鐔婄殑鍟嗗涓庢墍鑳芥壘鍒扮殑鏋佸皯鐨勩€佸垎甯冨湪鍚勫湴鐨勪拱瀹惰繘琛岄厤瀵廣€?/p>

銆€銆€棰樼洰鍒嗘瀽錛?/p>

銆€銆€1.Some of the gun transactins are unsuccessful mainly because_____ 1. 鏈変竴浜涙灙鏀氦鏄撴湭鑳芥垚鍔熶富瑕佹槸鍥犱負_____

銆€銆€[A] it is not profitable as the underground price of gun far exceeds legal price. [A] 鏋敮榛戝競浠鋒牸榪滆繙楂樿繃鍚堟硶鏋敮鐨勪環(huán)鏍箋€?/p>

銆€銆€[B] Chicago has surprisingly tough restrictions on the ownership and business of guns. [B] 鑺濆姞鍝ュ鍚堟硶鎵嬫灙鏈変弗鏍肩殑闄愬埗銆?/p>

銆€銆€[C] the dealers are unable to guarantee whether the deal is really going to happen or not. [C] 鍗栧涓嶈兘淇濊瘉浜ゆ槗鏄惁鑳藉鍙戠敓銆?/p>

銆€銆€[D] it is hard to testify the quality of the guns in actual situations. [D] 寰堥毦鍦ㄥ疄闄呮儏鏅笅璇佸疄鎵€閿€鍞灙鏀殑璐ㄩ噺銆?/p>

銆€銆€[絳旀]C

銆€銆€[闅懼害緋繪暟] 鈽嗏槅鈽?/p>

銆€銆€[鍒嗘瀽] 緇嗚妭棰樸€傛枃绔犵浜屾鎻愬埌錛?0%鍒?0%鐨勪氦鏄撴渶鍚庡け璐ユ槸鍥犱負鍗栧鎴栨槸娌℃湁鎷垮埌鏋敮錛?/p>

銆€銆€鎴栬€呬復闃佃劚閫冿紝鎴栬€呮病鏈夊氨浜ゆ槗鍦扮偣杈炬垚涓€鑷淬€傚洜姝わ紝浜ゆ槗澶辮觸鐨勪富瑕佸師鍥犳槸鍗栧涓嶈兘淇濊瘉浜ゆ槗錛?/p>

銆€銆€閫夐」C絎﹀悎棰樻剰銆侫閫夐」鍦ㄨ孌典腑鏈夋墍娑夊強錛屼絾鍗翠笉鏄氦鏄撲笉鎴愬姛鐨勭洿鎺ュ師鍥犮€侭涓庨€夐」鏃犲叧錛?/p>

銆€銆€鑰孌鍒欐秹鍙婂埌浜嗙涓夋錛屼笖鎵€璋堝強鐨勬槸鏋敮鐨勮川閲忛棶棰橈紝鑰屼笉鏄氦鏄撴槸鍚︽垚鍔熺殑闂銆?/p>

銆€銆€2.Compared with the gun market, the drug market can be 鈥渇at鈥?mainly because_____ 2.涓庢灙鏀競鍦虹浉姣旓紝姣掑搧甯傚満姣旇緝鍏存椇鏄洜涓篲____

銆€銆€[A] it hardly attracts the police鈥檚 attention due to the flexibility of the business. [A] 姣掑搧浜ゆ槗闈炲父鐏墊椿錛屽洜姝ゅ緢闅懼惛寮曡瀵熺殑娉ㄦ剰鍔涖€?/p>

銆€銆€[B] the drug dealings are taking place in higher frequency. [B] 姣掑搧浜ゆ槗鏇村姞棰戠箒銆?/p>

銆€銆€[C] there are no fixed and formal spots for drug dealing. [C] 姣掑搧浜ゆ槗娌℃湁鍥哄畾銆佹寮忕殑鍦烘墍銆?/p>

銆€銆€[D] drug is affordable to a larger number of people. [D] 瀵逛簬寰堝浜烘潵璇達紝浠栦滑閮借兘澶熶拱寰楄搗姣掑搧銆?/p>

銆€銆€[絳旀]B

銆€銆€[闅懼害緋繪暟] 鈽嗏槅鈽嗏槅

銆€銆€[鍒嗘瀽] 緇嗚妭棰樸€傛枃绔犵浜旀鎻愬埌鏋敮浜ゆ槗鍥犱負鍏跺鏉傛€у緢闅炬敼鍙樺叾鎯ㄦ貳鐨勭幇鐘訛紝鑰岀浉鍙嶅湴錛屾瘨鍝佷氦鏄撳洜涓哄叾鏈韓density of drug transactions(姣掑搧浜ゆ槗瀵嗗害)鐨勫師鍥犲彲浠ラ€冮伩娉曞緥錛屾帴鐫€涓嬮潰灝卞叿浣撲綔浜嗚В閲婏紝姣斿浜ゆ槗寰堝鏄撹揪鎴愶紝鑰屼笖鍏朵氦鏄撳湴鐐逛笉鍥哄畾錛岃瀵熶笉鑳借交鏄撳帇鍒躲€備富瑕佸師鍥犲氨鏄敱浜庡叾浜ゆ槗閲忔湰韜瘮杈冨ぇ錛屽洜姝涓烘紜€夐」錛屽叾涓€夐」涓殑frequency鍙互瑙嗕負density鐨勭粺涓€璇嶃€侫鍜孋閫夐」閮芥槸瀵艱嚧浜嗘瘨鍝佷氦鏄撻綣佺殑鍘熷洜錛屼絾鏄疊閫夐」鍗存槸棰樺共鐨勭洿鎺ュ師鍥犮€侱閫夐」鍦ㄥ師鏂囦腑娌℃湁鏍規(guī)嵁銆?/p>

銆€銆€3. The word 鈥渃umbersome鈥?(Line 4, Pargraph 5) most probably means_____ 3.鈥渃umbersome鈥?絎簲孌電鍥涜)鏈€鏈夊彲鑳界殑鎰忔€濇槸_____

銆€銆€[A] transparent. [A] 閫忔槑鐨勩€?/p>

銆€銆€[B] troubling. [B] 楹葷儲鐨勩€?/p>

銆€銆€[C] horrible. [C] 鎭愭€栫殑銆?/p>

銆€銆€[D] stupid. [D] 鎰氱鐨勩€?/p>

銆€銆€[絳旀]B

銆€銆€[闅懼害緋繪暟] 鈽嗏槅鈽?/p>

銆€銆€[鍒嗘瀽]鐚滆瘝棰樸€傝璇嶆墍鍦ㄧ殑鍙ュ瓙鎰忔€濇槸鈥滀絾鏄紝瀵逛簬涓€涓湴涓嬪競鍦烘潵璇達紝榪欐牱鐨勮В鍐沖姙娉曞張楹葷儲鍙堟樉鐪尖€濄€傚墠鏂囦腑鎻愬埌鈥滀竴涓嫮紿勭殑甯傚満瑕佷緷璧栦簬騫垮憡鎴栨槸緇熶竴鐨勪氦鏄撱€傛瘮濡傛槗瓚ｄ笓闂ㄨ鍑哄嚑欏佃閭ｄ簺鍗栧亣鐝嶇彔閽堥グ鐨勫晢瀹舵垨Annette Funicello鐔婄殑鍟嗗鍜屾墍鑳芥壘鍒扮殑鏋佸皯鐨勩€佸垎甯冨湪鍚勫湴鐨勪拱瀹惰繘琛岄厤瀵光€濓紝鏄劇劧榪欐槸寰堥夯鐑︾殑銆傝€冪敓鍙互灝嗗洓涓€夐」鍒嗗埆浠ｅ叆鍘熸枃錛屽叾浣欎笁涓€夐」閮戒笉鑳界鍚堥鎰忋€傜瓟妗堜負B銆?/p>

銆€銆€4. The reason why the authors argue that the gun market may be threadbare partly because the drug market is so plump is _____ 4.鐮旂┒鑰呰涓烘灙鏀競鍦烘儴娣￠儴鍒嗘槸鍥犱負姣掑搧甯傚満姣旇緝鍏存椇錛岃繖鏄洜涓篲____

銆€銆€[A] the drug transaction is more prefitable that gun-dealing. [A] 姣掑搧浜ゆ槗瑕佹瘮鏋敮浜ゆ槗鍒╂鼎鏇村ぇ銆?/p>

銆€銆€[B] the police are more dedicated to the gun-dealing than to the drug-dealing. [B] 璀﹀療鍦ㄦ灙鏀氦鏄撴柟闈㈡姇鍏ョ殑綺懼姏姣旀瘨鍝佷氦鏄撳銆?/p>

銆€銆€[C] the gang-leaders are suppressing the gun-dealing in order to protect their profit from drug. [C]鍖緬澶村瓙鍘嬪埗鏋敮浜ゆ槗浠ヤ繚璇佷粠姣掑搧涓彲浠ヨ皨鍙栫殑鍒╂鼎銆?/p>

銆€銆€[D] the gang-leaders are worried about the effect of crime on commerce. [D] 鍖緬澶村瓙鎷呭績鍟嗕笟鐘姜鐨勪綔鐢ㄣ€?/p>

銆€銆€[絳旀]C

銆€銆€[闅懼害緋繪暟] 鈽?/p>

銆€銆€[鍒嗘瀽]鎺ㄧ悊棰樸€傛枃绔犳渶鍚庝竴孌墊寚鍑猴紝鐮旂┒鑰呰涓烘灙鏀競鍦烘儴娣＄殑閮ㄥ垎鍘熷洜鍦ㄤ簬姣掑搧甯傚満浜ゆ槗鐨勫叴鏃猴紝鎺ョ潃涓嬮潰灝卞叿浣撲綔浜嗚В閲娿€傚尓寰掑ご瀛愬浜庢灙鏀氦鏄撻潪甯歌瑙夛紝鍥犱負浠栦滑瀹蟲€曟灙鏀細浣垮緱璀﹀療澧炲姞璋冩煡錛岃繖鏍峰氨浼氬嵄鍙婂叾姣掑搧浜ゆ槗鐨勬敹鍏ャ€傞偅涔堝彲浠ョ湅鍑猴紝鐮旂┒鑰呰繖鏍瘋涓哄氨鏄湅鍒頒笉娉曞垎瀛愮殑涓炬帾錛屽洜姝わ紝絳旀C鏈€涓虹鍚堥鎰忋€?/p>

銆€銆€5. Towards the future of gun-dealing, the author鈥檚 attitude is _____ 5.浣滆€呭浜庢灙鏀氦鏄撴湭鏉ョ殑鎬佸害鏄痏____

銆€銆€[A] pessimistic. [A] 鎮(zhèn)茶鐨勩€?/p>

銆€銆€[B] optimistic. [B] 涔愯鐨勩€?/p>

銆€銆€[C] desperate. [C] 緇濇湜鐨勩€?/p>

銆€銆€[D] sorrowful. [D] 鎮(zhèn)蹭激鐨勩€?/p>

銆€銆€[絳旀]A

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