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銆€銆€16銆佽祫鏈敹鐩?Capitalgain)

銆€銆€璧勬湰鏀剁泭鏄寚浜轟滑鍗栧嚭鑲＄エ(鎴栧叾浠栬祫浜?鏃舵墍鑾峰緱鐨勮秴榪囧師鏉ヤ負瀹冩敮浠樼殑閭ｄ竴閮ㄥ垎銆?/p>

銆€銆€17銆佽祫鏈富涔?Capitalism)

銆€銆€璧勬湰涓諱箟鏄竴縐嶅競鍦轟綋緋伙紝瀹冧緷璧栦環(huán)鏍間綋緋誨幓瑙ｅ喅鍩烘湰鐨勭粡嫻庨棶棰橈細鐢熶駭浠€涔?濡備綍鐢熶駭?鎬庢牱鍒嗛厤?緇忔祹澧為暱鐜囧簲涓哄灝?

銆€銆€18銆佸熀鏁版晥鐢?Cardinalutility)

銆€銆€鍩烘暟鏁堢敤鏄寚鍍忎釜浜虹殑浣撻噸鎴栬韓楂橀偅鏍峰湪鍩烘暟鐨勬剰涔変笂鍙互搴﹂噺鐨勬晥鐢?瀹冩剰鍛崇潃鏁堢敤涔嬮棿鐨勫樊鍒紝鍗寵竟闄呮晥鐢紝鏄湁鎰忎箟鐨?銆傚簭鏁版晥鐢ㄤ笌瀹冪浉鍙嶏紝瀹冨彧鍦ㄥ簭鏁扮殑灞傞潰涓婃墠鏈夋剰涔夈€?/p>

銆€銆€19銆佸崱鐗瑰皵(Cartel)

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銆€銆€20銆佺甯冧竴閬撴牸鎷夋柉鐢熶駭鍑芥暟(Cobb-Douglasproductionfunction)

銆€銆€縐戝竷涓€閬撴牸鎷夋柉鐢熶駭鍑芥暟鏄寚榪欐牱鐨勭敓浜у嚱鏁癚=AL鈥淚K鈥?Mi3銆傚紡涓紝Q涓轟駭閲?L涓哄姵鍔ㄧ殑鏁伴噺;K涓鴻祫鏈殑鏁伴噺;M涓哄師鏉愭枡鐨勬暟閲?A錛?1錛?2錛?3鍧囦負甯告暟銆?/p>

銆€銆€21銆佸嬀緇?Collision)

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銆€銆€22銆佹瘮杈冧紭鍔?Comparativeadvantage)

銆€銆€濡傛灉涓庣敓浜у叾浠栧晢鍝佺殑鎴愭湰鐩告瘮錛屼竴涓浗瀹剁敓浜х殑鏌愮浜у搧鐨勬垚鏈瘮鍙︿竴涓浗瀹朵綆錛岄偅涔堬紝璇ュ浗灝卞湪榪欑鍟嗗搧鐨勭敓浜т笂涓庡彟涓€涓浗瀹剁浉姣斿叿鏈夋瘮杈冧紭鍔褲€?/p>

銆€銆€23銆佷簰琛ュ搧(Complements)

銆€銆€濡傛灉X鍜孻鏄簰琛ュ搧錛孹鐨勯渶姹傞噺灝變笌Y鐨勪環(huán)鏍兼垚鍙嶅悜鍙樺寲銆?/p>

銆€銆€24銆佹垚鏈笉鍙樿涓?Constant-costindustry)

銆€銆€鎴愭湰涓嶅彉鐨勮涓氭槸鎸囧叿鏈夋按騫崇殑闀挎湡渚涚粰鏇茬嚎鐨勮涓氾紝瀹冪殑鎵╁ぇ騫朵笉浼氬紩璧鋒姇鍏ュ搧浠鋒牸鐨勪笂鍗囨垨涓嬮檷銆?/p>

銆€銆€25銆佽妯℃敹鐩婁笉鍙?Constantreturnstoscale)

銆€銆€濡傛灉鎵€鏈夋姇鍏ュ搧鐨勬暟閲忛兘浠ョ浉鍚岀殑鐧懼垎鏁板鍔狅紝騫跺鑷翠駭閲忎篃浠ョ浉鍚岀殑鐧懼垎鏁板鍔狅紝灝辨槸瑙勬ā鏀剁泭涓嶅彉鐨勩€?/p>

銆€銆€26銆佹秷璐硅€呭墿浣?Consumersurplus)

銆€銆€娑堣垂鑰呭墿浣欐槸鎸囨秷璐硅€呮効鎰忎負鏌愮鍟嗗搧鎴栨湇鍔℃墍鏀粯鐨勬渶澶ф暟閲忎笌浠栧疄闄呮敮浠樼殑鏁伴噺涔嬪樊銆?/p>

銆€銆€27銆佸彲绔炰簤甯傚満(Contestablemarket)

銆€銆€鍙珵浜夊競鍦烘槸鎸囬偅縐嶈繘鍏ュ畬鍏ㄨ嚜鐢變互鍙婇€€鍑烘病鏈夋垚鏈殑甯傚満銆傚彲绔炰簤甯傚満鐨勬湰璐ㄥ湪浜庡畠浠緢瀹規(guī)槗鍙楀埌鎵撲簡灝辮窇鐨勮繘鍏ヨ€呯殑浼ゅ銆?/p>

銆€銆€28銆佸綰︽洸綰?Contractcurve)

銆€銆€濂戠害鏇茬嚎鏄?鍦ㄦ秷璐硅€呬箣闂磋繘琛屼氦鎹㈡椂)涓や釜娑堣垂鑰呯殑杈歸檯鏇夸唬鐜囩浉絳夌殑鐐圭殑杞ㄨ抗錛屾垨鑰?鍦ㄧ敓浜ц€呬箣闂磋繘琛屼氦鎹㈡椂)涓や釜鐢熶駭鑰呯殑杈歸檯鎶€鏈浛浠ｇ巼鐩哥瓑鐨勭偣鐨勮建榪廣€?/p>

銆€銆€29銆佽鐐硅В(Cornersolution)

銆€銆€瑙掔偣瑙ｆ槸鎸囪繖鏍蜂竴縐嶆儏褰紝棰勭畻綰垮湪浣嶄簬鍧愭爣杞翠笂鐨勭偣澶勮揪鍒版渶楂樼殑鍙幏寰楃殑鏃犲樊寮傛洸綰褲€?鍦ㄧ敓浜ц€呯悊璁轟腑涔熶細鍙戠敓綾諱技鐨勬儏鍐點€?

銆€銆€30銆侀渶姹傜殑浜ゅ弶寮規(guī)€?Crosselasticityofdemand)

銆€銆€闇€姹傜殑浜ゅ弶寮規(guī)€ф槸鎸囧晢鍝乊鐨勪環(huán)鏍煎彂鐢?%鐨勫彉鍖栨椂鎵€寮曡搗鐨勫晢鍝乆鐨勯渶姹傞噺鍙樺寲鐨勭櫨鍒嗘瘮銆?/p>