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銆€銆€鍏€?a target="_blank">婀栧崡甯堣寖澶у

銆€銆€婀栧崡甯堣寖澶у鍒涘緩浜?938騫達(dá)紝浣嶄簬鍘? 鍙叉枃鍖栧悕鍩庨暱娌欙紝鏄浗瀹垛€?11宸ョ▼鈥濋噸鐐瑰緩璁劇殑澶у銆佹暀鑲查儴鏅€氶珮絳夊鏍℃湰縐戞暀瀛﹀伐浣滄按騫寵瘎浼頒紭縐€楂樻牎銆傚鏍＄幇鏈?涓牎鍖猴紝鍗犲湴168鍏》錛屽緩絳戦潰縐? 100浣欎竾騫蟲(chóng)柟綾熾€備富鏍″尯瑗垮亷楹撳北錛屼笢嬋掓箻姹燂紝椋庡厜縐€涓斤紝鏄叏鍥界豢鍖栤€?00浣斥€濆崟浣嶄箣涓€銆?

銆€銆€婀栧崡甯堣寖澶у鏄竴鎵€鈥?11鈥濋櫌鏍★紝璇劇▼涓庢暀瀛? 璁恒€?a target="_blank">楂樼瓑鏁欒偛瀛?/a>銆?a target="_blank">鍩虹蹇?jī)鐞嗗?/a>3涓崥澹偣錛屾嫢鏈夋暀鑲插銆佸績(jī)鐞嗗鍗氬＋鍚庢祦鍔ㄧ珯錛?涓浗瀹垛€?11宸ョ▼鈥濋噸鐐瑰縐戝拰鐪佺駭閲嶇偣瀛︾錛?闂ㄥ浗瀹剁駭綺懼搧璇劇▼錛?闂ㄧ渷綰? 綺懼搧璇劇▼錛?涓浗瀹剁駭鐗硅壊涓撲笟錛?涓渷綰х壒鑹蹭笓涓氾紝 1涓渷綰у熀紜€璇劇ず鑼冨疄楠屽銆? 浠庤繖閲屽彲浠ョ湅鍑?a target="_blank">鍗庝腑甯堣寖澶у鐨勭患鍚堝疄鍔涙槸姣旇緝寮虹殑銆傛墍浠ユ姤鑰冭繖鎵€闄㈡牎搴旇鏄竴涓笉閿欑殑閫夋嫨銆傛箹鍗楀笀鑼冨ぇ瀛︽暀鑲插涓撲笟澶嶈瘯鍒嗘暟綰?/a>鎵ц鍥藉綰匡紝浠庡巻騫存姤鑰冭繖鎵€ 闄㈡牎鐨勪漢鏁扮殑緇熻鏉ョ湅婀栧崡甯堣寖澶у鏄竴鎵€姣旇緝鍙楀鐢熸榪庣殑闄㈡牎錛屼絾鏄鏍℃敹鍙栬€冪敓鐨勪漢鏁版槸涓€瀹氱殑錛屾墍浠ヨ€冭繖鎵€闄㈡牎閲嶇偣瑕佽€冭檻鐨勫氨鏄繖鎵€瀛︽牎鎶ヨ€冪殑浜烘暟鍜岃€? 鐢熻嚜韜殑瀹炲姏錛屼笉綆′粠浠€涔堣搴︽潵璇達(dá)紝婀栧崡甯堣寖澶у涔熸槸涓€鎵€鈥?11鈥濋珮鏍★紝鎵€浠ヤ篃涓嶅彲鎺変互杞誨績(jī)錛屽浜庝竴浜涘涔?fàn)姘打q沖緢宸殑鑰冪敓錛岃繕鏄緩璁笁鎬濊€屽悗琛岋紝鍥犱負(fù)浠? 婀栧崡甯堣寖澶у澶嶈瘯鐨勪竴浜涗俊鎭垜浠篃鍙互鐪嬪嚭錛屽璇曟椂渚ч噸浜庣患鍚堢礌璐ㄧ殑錛屾墍浠ヤ笉鑳戒粎浠呭嚟鍊熺瑪璇曠殑浼樺娍灝辨簿娌捐嚜鍠溿€?

銆€銆€涓冦€?a target="_blank">闄曡タ甯堣寖澶у

銆€銆€闄曡タ甯堣寖澶у鏄暀鑲查儴鐩村睘銆佸浗瀹垛€?11宸ョ▼鈥濋噸鐐瑰緩璁劇殑涓€鎵€甯堣寖澶у錛屾槸鍥藉鍩瑰吇楂樼瓑闄㈡牎銆佷腑絳夊鏍″笀璧勫拰鏁欒偛綆＄悊騫查儴鐨勯噸瑕佸熀鍦幫紝琚獕涓鴻タ鍖楀湴鍖衡€滄暀甯堢殑鎽囩鈥濄€?

銆€銆€鐩稿浜庡寳甯堝ぇ榪欐牱鐨勫鏍★紝闄曡タ甯堣寖澶у榪樻槸姣旇緝瀹規(guī)槗鑰冪殑錛屽洜涓哄寳甯堟槸鑷富鍒掔嚎錛岃€岄檿瑗垮笀鑼冨ぇ瀛︽槸璧扮殑鍥藉綰褲€傝€屼笂闈㈢殑淇℃伅鎴戜滑鍙互鐪嬪嚭錛?a target="_blank">瀛﹀墠鏁欒偛瀛?/a>涓撲笟 鏄檿瑗垮笀鑼冨ぇ瀛︾殑浼樺娍涓撲笟錛屾墍浠ュ湪鎶ヨ€冩涓撲笟鐨勭浉鍏崇爺鏂瑰悜鏃惰璁ょ湡鑰冭檻錛岃皚鎱庢潈琛¤嚜宸辯殑鍒囧疄瀹炲姏錛屽洜涓鴻繖涓笓涓氳偗瀹氫細(xì)鎴愪負(fù)浼楃煝涔嬬殑銆?

銆€銆€铏界劧鐩稿 浜庡寳甯堟潵璇達(dá)紝鍙兘闄曞笀浼?xì)宸竴浜涳紝浣嗘槸浠庡疄鍔涗笂璁詫紝闄曞笀姣斾竴鑸殑甯堣寖綾誨鏍＄浉姣旇繕鏄瓨鍦ㄥ緢澶х殑浼樺娍鐨勶紝鎵€浠ュ湪鎶ヨ€冮檿甯堟椂涔熶笉瑕佺洸鐩€傚鏋滀綘鐨勭患鍚堢礌璐ㄦ瘮杈? 楂橈紝灝辨槸璇翠綘鐨勮嫳璇彛璇拰絎旇瘯閮借兘寰堝ソ鐨勫彂鎸ワ紝鑰屼笖浣犵殑涓撲笟璇句笟寰堝ソ鐨勮瘽錛屼綘鍙互灝濊瘯鎶ヨ€冭繖鎵€瀛︽牎錛屼絾鏄鏋滀綘鐨勫疄鍔涢兘鏄竴鑸按騫崇殑璇濓紝寤鴻浣犱笉瑕佹姤鑰冿紝 鍥犱負(fù)闄曡タ甯堣寖澶у鏄檿瑗跨殑寰堟湁澹拌獕鐨勫鏍★紝鎵€浠ラ檿瑗跨渷鍐呯殑鑰冪敓涔熶細(xì)寰堝錛屾墍浠ュ緩璁竴浜涘熀紜€姣旇緝宸殑鍚屽涓嶈鎶ヨ€冮檿瑗垮笀鑼冨ぇ瀛︺€?

銆€銆€鍏€?a target="_blank">灞變笢甯堣寖澶у

銆€銆€灞變笢甯堣寖澶у鍧愯惤鍦ㄥ巻鍙叉枃鍖栧悕鍩庘€斺€旀祹鍗楋紝鍏跺墠韜北涓滃笀鑼冨闄㈡垚绔嬩簬1950騫?0鏈堬紝緋誨緩鍥藉悗灞變笢鐪佹垚绔嬫渶鏃╃殑楂樻牎涔嬩竴銆?981騫存洿鍚嶄負(fù)灞變笢甯堣寖澶? 瀛︺€傜幇宸插彂灞曟垚涓轟竴鎵€瀛︾榻愬叏銆佸姙瀛﹀眰嬈¤緝楂樸€佸姙瀛︽潯浠惰緝濂界殑緇煎悎鎬ч珮絳夊笀鑼冮櫌鏍★紝鎴愪負(fù)灞變笢鐪佸睘楂樻牎鐨勬帓澶村叺錛岃繘鍏ュ叏鍥藉笀鑼冮櫌鏍＄殑鍏堣繘琛屽垪銆?

銆€銆€鐩稿浜庡寳甯堝ぇ榪欐牱鐨勫鏍★紝灞變笢甯堣寖澶у榪樻槸姣旇緝瀹規(guī)槗鑰冪殑錛屽洜涓哄寳甯堟槸鑷富鍒掔嚎錛岃€屽北涓滃笀鑼冨ぇ瀛︽槸璧扮殑鍥藉綰褲€傝€屼笂闈㈢殑淇℃伅鎴戜滑鍙互鐪嬪嚭錛?a target="_blank">鏁欒偛瀛﹀師鐞?/a>涓撲笟鏄? 灞變笢甯堣寖澶у鐨勪紭鍔夸笓涓氾紝鎵€浠ュ湪鎶ヨ€冩涓撲笟鐨勭浉鍏崇爺鏂瑰悜鏃惰璁ょ湡鑰冭檻錛岃皚鎱庢潈琛¤嚜宸辯殑鍒囧疄瀹炲姏錛屽洜涓鴻繖涓笓涓氳偗瀹氫細(xì)鎴愪負(fù)浼楃煝涔嬬殑銆?

銆€銆€铏界劧鐩稿浜? 鍖楀笀鏉ヨ錛屽彲鑳藉北甯堜細(xì)宸竴浜涳紝浣嗘槸浠庡疄鍔涗笂璁詫紝灞卞笀姣斾竴鑸殑甯堣寖綾誨鏍＄浉姣旇繕鏄瓨鍦ㄥ緢澶х殑浼樺娍鐨勶紝鎵€浠ュ湪鎶ヨ€冨北甯堟椂涔熶笉瑕佺洸鐩€傚鏋滀綘鐨勭患鍚堢礌璐ㄦ瘮杈冮珮錛? 灝辨槸璇翠綘鐨勮嫳璇彛璇拰絎旇瘯閮借兘寰堝ソ鐨勫彂鎸ワ紝鑰屼笖浣犵殑涓撲笟璇句笟寰堝ソ鐨勮瘽錛屼綘鍙互灝濊瘯鎶ヨ€冭繖鎵€瀛︽牎錛屼絾鏄鏋滀綘鐨勫疄鍔涢兘鏄竴鑸按騫崇殑璇濓紝寤鴻浣犱笉瑕佹姤鑰冿紝鍥犱負(fù) 灞變笢甯堣寖澶у鏄北涓滅殑寰堟湁澹拌獕鐨勫鏍★紝鎵€浠ュ北涓滅渷鍐呯殑鑰冪敓涔熶細(xì)寰堝錛岃€屼笖灞變笢鐨勮€冪敓鏅亶鍦ㄥ涔?fàn)鎴惥l╀笂鏈夊緢澶х殑浼樺娍錛屾墍浠ョ‖鎷鹼紝鍙兘澶栫渷鐨勫鐢熶細(xì)杈擄紝鎵€浠ュ緩 璁竴浜涘熀紜€姣旇緝宸殑鍚屽涓嶈鎶ヨ€冨北涓滃笀鑼冨ぇ瀛︺€?

銆€銆€涔?jié)銆?a target="_blank">紱忓緩甯堣寖澶у

銆€銆€紱忓緩甯堣寖澶у鏄寤虹殑涓€鎵€姣旇緝濂界殑甯堣寖闄㈡牎錛?a target="_blank">璇劇▼涓庢暀瀛﹁涓撲笟鏄渷綰ч噸鐐瑰縐戯紝1涓牎綰ч噸鐐瑰縐戯細(xì)姣旇緝鏁欒偛瀛?/a>銆傚彲浠ョ湅鍑虹寤哄笀鑼冨ぇ瀛︾殑鏁欒偛瀛︿笓涓氱殑瀹炲姏榪樻槸姣旇緝鏈変紭鍔跨殑銆?

銆€銆€鍗併€?a target="_blank">杈藉畞甯堣寖澶у

銆€銆€杈藉畞甯堣寖澶у鏄竴鎵€鐪佸睘閲嶇偣澶у錛屽潗钀藉湪涓浗鍖楁柟緹庝附鐨勬搗婊ㄥ煄甯?jìng)鈥斺€斿ぇ榪烇紝鏄窘瀹佺渷鍩虹鏁欒偛甯堣祫鍩瑰吇涓庣戶緇暀鑲插熀鍦般€佹暀鑲茬瀛︾爺絀跺挩璇㈠熀鍦般€侀珮鏍″笀璧勫煿璁熀鍦般€侀€傚簲鍦板尯緇忔祹寤鴻涓庣ぞ浼?xì)鍙戝睍闇€瑕佺殑縐戠爺鍩哄湴錛岀幇宸叉垚涓鴻窘瀹佺渷鏈€澶х殑銆佽搗紺鴻寖甯﹀ご浣滅敤鐨勬暀甯堟暀鑲蹭腑蹇?jī)銆?

銆€銆€杈藉畞甯堣寖澶у鐨勬暀鑲插涓撲笟鏄瘮杈冨ソ鐨勶紝鐗瑰埆鏄暀鑲插鍘熺悊涓撲笟錛屾槸杈藉畞鐪佺殑閲嶇偣涓撲笟銆傝窘瀹佸笀鑼冨ぇ瀛︾殑緇煎悎瀹炲姏榪樻槸姣旇緝涓嶉敊鐨勶紝鍚屾椂鎴戜滑涔熷彲浠ョ湅鍑?guó)櫨藉畞甯堣? 澶у鐨勬暀鑲插鐨勭浉鍏充笓涓氭槸姣旇緝騫挎硾鐨勶紝浼?xì)鏈夊緢澶х殑閫夋嫨浣欏湴錛岃€屼笖鍦ㄦ嫑鐢熺殑涓撲笟鐩綍閲屾垜浠篃鐭ラ亾姣忓勾鐨勬嫑鐢熶漢鏁拌繕鏄笉灝戠殑銆?

銆€銆€緇煎悎涓婇潰鐨勮澶氬洜 绱狅紝寤鴻鑰冪敓鎶ヨ€冿紝浣嗘槸濡傛灉瑕佹姤鑰冩暀鑲插鍘熺悊涓撲笟錛屽垯瑕佽鐪熸潈琛¤嚜宸辯殑瀹炲姏浜?jiǎn)锛屽洜湄?fù)璇稿鐨勪漢閮芥兂鎶ヨ€冭繖涓笓涓氥€傚啀涓€涓鑰冭檻鐨勫氨鏄姤鑰冧漢鏁板澶氱殑璇稿鏂歸潰 鐨勫洜绱狅紝榪欏氨闇€瑕佽€冪敓鑷韓鐨勫疄鍔涳紝鎵€浠ュ鏋滀綘鐨勪笓涓氳鍜岀患鍚堢礌璐ㄩ兘鎸哄ソ鐨勮瘽錛屾姤鑰冭繖鎵€闄㈡牎鎴愬姛鐨勫嚑鐜囪繕鏄尯澶х殑銆?

銆€銆€鍚屾椂鍥犱負(fù)鎵ц鍥藉綰匡紝鎵€浠ヤ綘鐨勮嫳璇按騫充笉闇€瑕佽揪鍒板緢楂樼殑姘村鉤錛岄毦搴﹁緝鎶ヨ€冨寳甯堝拰鍖楀ぇ灝忎竴浜涳紝褰撶劧涓嶆槸璇磋嫳璇按騫抽珮灝變笉濂戒簡(jiǎn)錛岄偅鏍蜂細(xì)鏇存湁鎶婃彙銆傚悓鏃朵笓涓氳涔熶笉鑳芥帀浠ヨ交蹇?jī)锛屽洜湄?fù)涓撲笟璇懼彲鑳藉崱浣犵殑綰褲€傛墍浠ヨ鎱庨噸閫夋嫨錛岄€変竴涓嚜宸卞枩嬈㈢殑錛岃€屼笖絎﹀悎鑷繁鐨勮兘鍔涚殑瀛︽牎銆?