2014考研英語圖畫作文的語言策略：句法_跨考網(wǎng)

　　2. 句法應(yīng)對(duì)策略

　　2.1注意修飾語位置

　　修飾語指起修飾作用的成分，包括單詞、短語或從句。修飾語必須緊靠其所修飾的成分。若修飾語離所修飾的詞太遠(yuǎn)或放錯(cuò)位置，就可能造成誤解或產(chǎn)生歧義。例如:

　　(1)It is symbolically illustrated in the cartoon that two handicapped men are continuing their new journey with their powerful hands.(2008年真題)

　　(2)The block on the highway had been cleared before heavy traffic jam was caused by the policemen.

　　第一句介詞短語with their powerful hands放在句末使句子不通順。第二句by the policemen產(chǎn)生歧義“警察引起了重大交通事故”。應(yīng)調(diào)整修飾語位置，使其緊靠所修飾成分。如：

　　(1)It is symbolically illustrated in the cartoon that supporting each other with their powerful hands, two handicapped men are continuing their new journey on the ground.(2008年真題)

　　(2)The block on the highway had been cleared by the policemen before heavy traffic jam was caused.

　　2.2避免垂懸結(jié)構(gòu)

　　非謂語動(dòng)詞位于句首做狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語要與主句主語一致，否則就會(huì)犯懸垂結(jié)構(gòu)的錯(cuò)誤。懸垂結(jié)構(gòu)的形式有分詞短語、介詞+動(dòng)名詞、不定式短語。垂懸結(jié)構(gòu)的本質(zhì)是主從句主語不一致。

　　例如，2003年真題有關(guān)“溫室花朵”的圖畫中，表達(dá)“一旦離開父母，很多孩子難以獨(dú)立生活”：

　　Once left their parents, many young people cannot make a living of their own.

　　這句話主從句主語時(shí)態(tài)不一致。many young people可以作make 的主語，主動(dòng)做make 的動(dòng)作，left 表被動(dòng)，可譯為“拋下、撇下”，從語義上看，many young people應(yīng)是離開父母，并非“拋下、撇下”父母。本句直譯為：一旦撇下父母，很多孩子難以獨(dú)立生活。這是不合邏輯的。應(yīng)改為：

　　Once leaving their parents, many young people cannot make a living of their own.

　　或者：Once they leave their parents, many young people cannot make a living of their own.

　　在道歉信中，“為了表達(dá)我的歉意，加拿大的朋友將買一個(gè)新的給你?！敝形目蛇@樣表達(dá)，但譯成英文：

　　To show my regret, my friend living in Canada will buy a new one for you.

　　不定式的邏輯主語I和主句主語my friend不一致，應(yīng)使前后主語一致，如：

　　To show my regret, I will ask one of my friend living in Canada to buy a new one for you.

　　2014考研英語作文萬能模板匯總