2017考研英語(yǔ)一閱讀理解Text 2真題答案解析（跨考版）

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　　　Text 2

　　“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,” wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii's last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.

　　At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.

　　Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect far sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.

　　Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the islands' inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past; it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.

　　Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.

　　The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope’s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.

　　26. Queen Liliuokalani’s remark in Paragraph 1 indicates

　　[A] her conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.

　　[B] the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.

　　[C]the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.

　　[D] her appreciation of star watchers’ feats in her time.

　　27. Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to

　　[A] its geographical features.

　　[B] its protective surroundings.

　　[C] its religious implications.

　　[D] its existing infrastructure.

　　28. The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because

　　[A] it may risk ruining their intellectual life.

　　[B] it reminds them of a humiliating history.

　　[C] their culture will lose a chance of revival.

　　[D] they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.

　　29. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today’s astronomy

　　[A] is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.

　　[B] helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.

　　[C] may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.

　　[D] will eventually soften Hawaiians’ hostility.

　　30. The author’s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of

　　[A] severe criticism.

　　[B] passive acceptance.

　　[C] slight hesitancy.

　　[D] full approval.

　　答案：26-30 BABCD

　　26. 答案【B】the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.

　　解析：本題目為具體細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞Queen Liliuokalani的remark定位到第一段的第一句，所indicate的內(nèi)容是在第一段的第二句話，意思是觀星者是在Hawaiian社會(huì)中最受尊重的成員。正確選項(xiàng)B的the importance of astronomy是原文star watchers were among the most esteemed members的總結(jié)概括，in ancient Hawaiian society是原文的原詞出現(xiàn)。干擾項(xiàng)A的historical role屬于原文信息的曲解，選項(xiàng)C的regrettable decline未提及，過(guò)度推理，選項(xiàng)D不是in her time，是她評(píng)論ancient的觀星者。

　　27. 答案【A】its geographical features.

　　解析：本題目為具體細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的大寫(xiě)字母Mauna Kea，以及關(guān)鍵詞ideal astronomical site定位到第二段But后面的內(nèi)容。But后面說(shuō)Mauna Kea是世界上最有力量的望遠(yuǎn)鏡home。本題目問(wèn)的是原因，定位到本段最后一句，這里提到Mauna Kea的頂峰高于大部分的濃密大氣層。選項(xiàng)A中的geographical features就是地質(zhì)特色的意思，屬于同義替換。干擾項(xiàng)B的受保護(hù)的周邊環(huán)境未提及，是常識(shí)性干擾;選項(xiàng)C的宗教暗示根據(jù)本段首句worship進(jìn)行干擾，不在定位句里;選項(xiàng)D現(xiàn)有的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施未提及。

　　28. 答案【B】it reminds them of a humiliating history.

　　解析：本題目屬于原因細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞the construction of the TMT以及opposed by some locals定位到第四段第二句，這里提到a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation，對(duì)曾經(jīng)主權(quán)國(guó)家遭占領(lǐng)的痛苦提醒。選項(xiàng)B中的remind 是原文的原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，a humiliating history(令人恥辱的歷史)是對(duì)the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation 的同義轉(zhuǎn)化及總結(jié)概括。

　　29. 答案【C】may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.

　　解析：本題目屬于細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第5段，關(guān)鍵詞progress in today’s astronomy再第五段中沒(méi)有。此種情況下，考慮段落中心，即本段的段首，段尾及轉(zhuǎn)這句。先看首句無(wú)答案，看本段尾句提到，或許那就是我們探索星際空間的原因，好像會(huì)回答有關(guān)我們自己及我們真正祖先的最原始回答。選項(xiàng)C首先may是對(duì)原文as if的解讀，uncover 同義替換answer，the origin of Hawaiian culture是原文ourselves and our true ancestral homes的同義轉(zhuǎn)化。干擾項(xiàng)A的dreams本段中沒(méi)有，干擾項(xiàng)B的Hawaiian culture本段有提及，但未指出across the world，干擾項(xiàng)D的soften hostility屬于過(guò)度推斷。

　　30. 答案【D】full approval

　　解析：第一段第二句 Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today.意思是，可悲的是，夏威夷現(xiàn)在的天文學(xué)不太妙。所以，對(duì)于現(xiàn)在夏威夷天文學(xué)不太妙的處境，作者用了一個(gè)sadly來(lái)形容，明明白白地表達(dá)了他的藍(lán)瘦香菇。而夏威夷現(xiàn)在不太妙的處境具體指什么?在下一句清楚地說(shuō)明了Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos意思是我們要搞個(gè)巨牛的望遠(yuǎn)鏡，你們居然不同意!所以兩句結(jié)合一塊，作者的態(tài)度就明白了，他是支持建望遠(yuǎn)鏡的。在最后一段的最后一句里也有作者態(tài)度的線索 There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.意思是說(shuō)有人跑到你們那兒去，接受你們的文化遺產(chǎn)，去看星星看月亮，你們?yōu)槊粴g迎?咳咳，正經(jīng)點(diǎn)兒說(shuō)，就是用了no reason和cannot雙重否定既強(qiáng)調(diào)又強(qiáng)調(diào)，還帶點(diǎn)兒不可置信地趕腳說(shuō)夏威夷人應(yīng)該歡迎每一個(gè)到他們那兒去研究天文，并且欣賞他們的文化遺產(chǎn)cultural heritage的每一個(gè)人everyone。具體到這篇文章，他們的文化遺產(chǎn)在第五段和第一段都有說(shuō)，就是天文研究，而每一個(gè)人當(dāng)然應(yīng)該包括這些想建天文望遠(yuǎn)鏡的人。所以作者的態(tài)度旗幟鮮明，就是全力支持。所以正確答案是D。

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