2014考研閱讀：因果關(guān)系題_跨考網(wǎng)

　　閱讀理解是考研的重頭戲，考生們?cè)趶?fù)習(xí)過(guò)程中必須重視。其實(shí)，如果詳加分析，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)閱讀理解的出題類型也不過(guò)幾類而已，考生們?cè)趶?fù)習(xí)的過(guò)程中不妨針對(duì)不同類型逐一攻克。下面，我們就分析一下因果關(guān)系題的答題方法。

　　因果關(guān)系題

　　命題組的專家習(xí)慣于通過(guò)命題來(lái)考查語(yǔ)篇中兩個(gè)事件的內(nèi)在因果關(guān)系，嚴(yán)格的說(shuō)，這種題型可歸于前面講到的推理判斷題類，但由于其特殊性及難度較大，這里單獨(dú)提出來(lái)講解。

　　因果關(guān)系題一般分為顯性原因考點(diǎn)和隱性原因考點(diǎn)(句子之間有因果關(guān)系，但無(wú)有關(guān)提示詞)。但不管是顯性因果關(guān)系還是隱性因果關(guān)系，語(yǔ)篇中出現(xiàn)的格式常是先說(shuō)原因，后說(shuō)結(jié)果，而在題干中通常是由果推因。

　　原因細(xì)節(jié)題

　　1. Why can many people see "silver linings" to the economic slowdown? (2004)

　　2. Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably because (2005)

　　3. The author associates the issue of global warming with that of smoking because (2005)

　　4. According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy because (2006)

　　分析共性

　　1。問(wèn)題中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)“according to the passage/text”這個(gè)短語(yǔ)。

　　2。問(wèn)題中出現(xiàn)某些具體時(shí)間、現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果，這些信息可以在原文定位。

　　3。問(wèn)題中頻繁出現(xiàn)以下詞匯;arise from;due to;because;in that;why;be caused by;as a result of;the reason for;be responsible for;be attributed to;be deduced from等。這些詞具有共同的含義，就是“因?yàn)椤薄?/p>

　　原因細(xì)節(jié)題往往要求考生根據(jù)題干所提示的信息在原文中找到某一事件、現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果，然后找出文章中對(duì)產(chǎn)生這一事件、現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的解釋。

　　原因細(xì)節(jié)題常見的出題位置

　　1。原文中出現(xiàn)表示原因的提示詞處：如because，be based on，since，for等。

　　2。原文中出現(xiàn)表示結(jié)果的提示詞處：如thus，therefore，so，as a result，lead lo，contribute to，make，30that，such that等。

　　3。原文中出現(xiàn)起承轉(zhuǎn)合的詞匯處：如but，however等。

　　4。原文中出現(xiàn)代詞指代處：如it，they等。

　　5。文章的開頭段、結(jié)尾段處。

　　6。文章段落的開頭句、結(jié)尾句處。

　　原因題實(shí)例

　　例一

　　原文 The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food tardily. Above all, tike their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of "goods and services" than males. Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan's and Dr. de Waal's study。

　　題干 Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably because they are

　　A. more inclined to weigh what they get。

　　B. attentive to researchers' instructions。

　　C. nice in both appearance and temperament。

　　D. more generous than their male companions. (2005--23)

　　解答 題干中female capuchin monkeys對(duì)應(yīng)原文female capuchin monkeys，題干中的research對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的study。最后——句說(shuō)：“這些特點(diǎn)使他們成為兩位博士最好的候選實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物”，證明上面的特征就是要選擇的內(nèi)容。諸多特征并列，最后用above all強(qiáng)調(diào)出最重要的特征，即“她們和女人一樣，比男性更重視‘商品和服務(wù)’ 的價(jià)值”。A選項(xiàng)中的weigh與value構(gòu)成同義轉(zhuǎn)化;what they get與goods and services是同義轉(zhuǎn)化，因此A為正確答案。

　　例二

　　題干 According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy because

　　[A] ticket prices can be raised to cover the spending。

　　[B] the company is financially ill-managed。

　　[C] the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptable。

　　[D] the theatre attendance is on the rise. (2006--29)

　　[考查技能：對(duì)相關(guān)段落進(jìn)行因果語(yǔ)義關(guān)系的歸納和判斷。] [命題原則：以點(diǎn)考面，因?yàn)楦鶕?jù)名詞townsfolk這個(gè)點(diǎn)，我們需要?dú)w納因果邏輯語(yǔ)義關(guān)系這個(gè)考區(qū)。]

　　原文導(dǎo)讀Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better。) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low。

　　答案分析 原文倒數(shù)第二自然段說(shuō)得很清楚The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better. 這說(shuō)明對(duì)于鎮(zhèn)上的人來(lái)說(shuō)，他們實(shí)際上不知道票價(jià)低的，所以[A]不選。他們看到的只是表面現(xiàn)象[D]。[正確答案][D]>>>考研英語(yǔ)暑期閱讀