2018考研英:語完型填空模擬題及答案解析(4)

　　The Treasury could pocket 20 million a year in extra fines once the country‘s speed camera network is expanded. Motoring organizations warned that the __1__could become a poll tax on wheels’，__2__huge number of drivers. There could be many more incidents of vandalism __3__cameras.The warnings came__4__a Daily Mail survey found almost all the 23 police forces in England and Wales were either__5__to expansion plans or considering __6__.

　　Nationwide，the number of speeding tickets is expected to treble，__7__ 90 million a year.__8__the scheme，police keep some of the cash from fines to __9__the costs of fitting and maintaining extra cameras and__10__that existing ones always have film in them. The rest will go to the Treasury. Both Ministers and police insist the scheme is aimed__11__at making roads safer. They point to trials in eight areas which cut collisions by a quarter and deaths and serious injuries by __12__a half.

　　But motoring organizations fear cameras will be sited on relatively safe__13__fast stretches to catch as many drivers as possible. Some forces are also expected to__14__the“threshold”speeds at which cameras are__15__to the absolute legal minimum-15 mph in a 10 mph limit，and 26 mph in a 20 mph zone. This could encourage drivers to stare at their speedometers instead of concentrating on the road，and __16__to more accidents. Sue Nicholson，head of campaigns at the RAC，said，“We don‘t have a problem with speed cameras __17__. But we do have concerns about__18__they are sited. Police risk losing credibility __19__motorists if cameras are seen as revenue-raising __20__safety devices.”

　　1. [A] promotions [B] punishments [C] penalties [D] payments

　　2. [A] isolating [B] separating [C] alienating [D] detaching

　　3. [A] towards [B] against [C] before [D] over

　　4. [A] so [B] once [C] as [D] where

　　5. [A] subjected [B] engaged [C] intended [D] committed

　　6. [A] taking part [B] keeping silence [C] making exception [D] paying respect

　　7. [A] financing [B] profiting [C] funding [D] netting

　　8. [A] From [B] Under [C] On [D] With

　　9. [A] hide [B] cover [C] conceal [D] veil

　　10. [A] pledging [B] assuring [C] confirming [D] ensuring

　　11. [A] essentially [B] strongly [C] wholeheartedly [D] purely

　　12. [A] in all [B] fewer than [C] at most [D] up to

　　13. [A] but [B] whereas [C] though [D] while

　　14. [A] fit [B] put [C] set [D] fix

　　15. [A] levered [B] geared [C] handled [D] triggered

　　16. [A] lead [B] add [C] contribute [D] resort

　　17. [A] any less [B] by itself [C] after all [D] as such

　　18. [A] who [B] when [C] where [D] which

　　19. [A] in [B] with [C] against [D] for

　　20. [A] in spite of [B] far from [C] rather than [D] by means of

　　答案

　　1. C 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. D 8. B 9.B 10. D

　　11. D 12.D 13. A 14. C 15. B 16. A 17. D 18. C 19.B 20.C

　　總體分析

　　本文講述了英國車速監(jiān)控攝像體系擴張計劃的內(nèi)容及影響，著重闡述了這一計劃的支持者(警察和財政部門)和反對者(機動車管理機構(gòu))的觀點。

　　全文翻譯

　　一旦擴大車速監(jiān)控攝像體系，這個國家財政部每年就能從罰款中額外增加2000萬收入。機動車管理機構(gòu)警告說這種罰款可能變成對汽車征收的人頭稅，從而疏遠很多駕駛者。也可能出現(xiàn)更多破壞攝像機的事件。警告出現(xiàn)的同時，《每日郵報》的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)英格蘭和威爾士的23支警力幾乎都有所行動，不是致力于部署監(jiān)控體系的擴張計劃，就是在考慮加入其中。

　　預(yù)計(在實施監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)后)全國范圍內(nèi)違章超速行駛的罰單數(shù)量會增加兩倍，罰金數(shù)目一年達9000萬。按照計劃，警察保留一部分罰金用以支付安裝和維修新攝像機的費用，并且保證現(xiàn)有的攝像機中總是裝有膠卷。其余的罰金將上繳財政部。財政部長們和警察都堅持認(rèn)為該計劃的目的是提高公路的安全性。他們指出八個試點地區(qū)撞車事故減少了四分之一，嚴(yán)重傷亡事故減少至一半。

　　但是機動車管理機構(gòu)擔(dān)心警察為了多開罰單會把攝像機裝在相對安全但行車速度較快的直行道上，還會為車速監(jiān)控攝像機設(shè)置最低合法車速標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，如把正常的每小時10英里限速提高到每小時15英里，每小時20英里限速提高到每小時26英里。這樣做會使司機盯著自己的里程計而不把精力集中到路面上，從而引發(fā)更多的交通事故。英國皇家汽車俱樂部(RAC)活動負(fù)責(zé)人休。尼科爾森說，“嚴(yán)格上說，我們對車速監(jiān)控攝像機并無意見，我們擔(dān)憂的是它們被安放的地點。如果把監(jiān)控攝像機視為(政府)聚斂財政收入的手段而不是安全設(shè)施，那么警察就可能喪失他們在駕駛者心目中的威信”