2011考研英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用常用易混淆詞匯表_跨考網(wǎng)

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考研英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用常用易混淆詞匯表

  1.adherence和adhesion

  這兩個(gè)詞都是“粘附的”意思。

  adherence用于比喻的意思。例如:His adherence to the strict letter of the law.

  adhesion是指物質(zhì)上的。

  2. adjacent,adjoining,和contiguous

  這些詞都有next to“緊挨”的意思。

  adjacent“毗鄰的,鄰近的”,但它們可能并不相互直接接觸。

  adjoining和contiguous指相互接觸,通常之間有一個(gè)edge或boundary。

  3.admission和admittance

  它們都有“the act of entering”的意思。

  但admission用于公共場合。

  The price of admission to the gallery is£5.

  admittance不指公共場合,一般指私人的住所。

  4. adopted和adoptive

  adopted“收養(yǎng)的,過繼的”

  an adopted son (daughter)養(yǎng)子(女);my adopted country我所入籍的國家; adopted words外來語。

  adoptive“收養(yǎng)的”,我們說adoptive parents,但很少說adoptive child;

  “采用的”,“假冒的”an adoptive courage假充勇敢。

  5.averse和adverse

  adverse“不利的,反對(duì)的”,用于事,不用于人。adverse weather conditions; an adverse reaction.

  averse“嫌惡的,反對(duì)的,不樂意的”,常和“to”一起使用,而且用否定形式。

  6.advise和advice

  advise“勸告”(動(dòng)詞);advice“勸告”(名詞)。

  7.affect和effect

  affect“影響”vt.,它的第二個(gè)意思是“假裝”,Though she affectes

  indifference, I knew she was really very upset.

  effect n.“結(jié)果”,“效力”。vt.“產(chǎn)生”,“導(dǎo)致”,它比“to

  cause, to bring out”更為正式。His aim was to effect a radical change in the party structure.

  8.all ready和already

  all ready意思是“completely prepared”

  already“已經(jīng)”。He had already had his lunch.

  9.altogether和all together

  altogether (in total)“總共”

  all together意思是“in a group”。如:We put the sheep all together in onefield.這兩個(gè)詞還可以分開。We put all the sheep together in one field.

  10. allude和elude

  allude“暗指”,“暗示”,“(婉轉(zhuǎn))提到”。

  elude (to avoid or escape)“閃避,躲避”。如:to elude sb.'s grasp逃脫,沒有被逮住;to elude the law規(guī)避法律。The meaning eludes me.那個(gè)意義我摸不透。

  11.illusion和delusion

  illusion“幻覺,錯(cuò)覺”be under no illusion about sth.對(duì)某事不存幻想。delusion“欺騙,迷惑”He suffers from the delusion that he's attractive to women.他糊里糊涂地認(rèn)為自己對(duì)女人很有吸引力。

  12.amended和emend

  amended (to alter or add to something)“訂正,改正”,“修正(議案等)”。an amended bill修正案;amend one's ways改過自新。

  emend (to correct errors in)“校訂”。emend the text of a book??蹦硶?He emended the typescript before sending it to the printers.在交付印刷之前他校正文稿。

  13.amicable和amiable

  這兩個(gè)詞都是指“友好的”意思。

  amicable“友好的,親切的”指行為或情景。The discussions were amicable,though business?like.討論雖然是商業(yè)形式,但是友好的。

  amiable“可愛的,和藹可親的”Many people are afraid of him, though I found him to be perfectly amiable.雖然我發(fā)現(xiàn)他特別和藹可親,但還是有很多人害怕他。

  14.assent和ascent

  assent可用作“agreement”“同意”或“agree”“同意”。

  ascent n.“上升,晉升”。the ascent of mountain登山。

  15.avert和avoid

  avert“防止,避免”。

  avoid“回避,逃避”。avoid bad company避免和壞人來往;I cannot avoid seeing him.我不能不見他。

  16.besides和beside

  besides意思是“in addition to”“加之,還有,另外”;而beside“在……旁邊”,“在……一側(cè)”。Duncan is the tall man standing beside my father.

  站在我爸爸旁邊的高個(gè)子男子是鄧肯。

  17.coherence和cohesion

  coherence“統(tǒng)一,一致性”;cohesion“結(jié)合力,團(tuán)結(jié)”。the cohesion of molecules分子的結(jié)合力。

  18. compare with和compare to

  compare with“和……比起來”

  compare to“好比”。He compared the moon to a silver plate.他把月亮比成一個(gè)大銀盤。

  19.impel和compel

  impel“推動(dòng),驅(qū)使,激勵(lì)”。impel sb. to do sth.激勵(lì)某人做某事;

  compel“強(qiáng)迫,脅迫,迫使”。compel sb. to one's will強(qiáng)迫人服從自己。

  20.complement和compliment

  complement“補(bǔ)足(物),補(bǔ)全”,“補(bǔ)足語”。

  compliment“恭維話,贊辭,敬意”; Your presence is a great compliment.

  承蒙光臨,不勝榮幸。

  21.confident和confidant

  confident“深信,確信,自信”。

  confidant“心腹朋友”。She has no close confidant to whom she can turn for advice or help.

  她沒有知心朋友來幫助或是勸告她。

  22.continual和continuous

  continual“連續(xù),繼續(xù)”;“頻繁的”;continual bouts of toothache一陣接一陣的牙痛。(這中間可能有停頓或間斷。)

  continuous“連續(xù)”(指從不間斷的); We’ve had three weeks of continuous rain.

  我們這里連續(xù)三周下雨不停。

  23.might和could

  might表明“possibility”。

  could應(yīng)該用來表明“permission”. Mum said we could (might) go to the football match.

  24.council和counsel

  council“議事機(jī)構(gòu)”,委員會(huì);a cabinet council內(nèi)閣會(huì)議。

  counsel“商議,勸告”;follow sb.'s counsel close牢記某人忠告。

  25.creditable和credible

  creditable“聲譽(yù)好的,可稱許(贊揚(yáng))的”;credible

  “可信的,可靠的”He's the only one without a credible alibi (辯解,托辭)他是惟一一個(gè)沒有可信托辭的人。

  26.decisive和decided

  decisive“果斷的,斷然的”;decisive measures斷然的措施。

  decided“明確的,無疑的”;a decided success明顯的成功。

  27.defective和deficient

  defective (having a fault or flaw)“有缺陷的”。

  deficient (lacking in what is needed)“不足的”;be deficient in欠缺。28.definite和definitive

  definite (certain or clear, not vague)“明確的,一定的”。

  . definitive (authoritative, that cannot be improved)“限定的,決定性的,最后的”; definitive host宿主;definitive organs定形器官;definitive sentence最后判決。

  29.dependant和dependent

  dependant n.(one who depends on another for support)受贍養(yǎng)者。

  dependent adj.“依靠的,依賴的”; He'sstill dependent on state benefit. The rate of relief is dependent on one's income.

  30.discreet和discrete

  discreet“考慮周到的,慎重的”。

  discrete“分離的,分裂的”;On closer examination, we find that the pattern is formed from thousands of discrete dots of colours.

  31.distinctive和distinct

  distinctive“有特色的”,“獨(dú)特的”;

  distinct“清楚的,明顯的”;a distinct smell of alcohol on his breath; the distinctive stripes of the zebra.

  32.dual和duel

  dual“二重的”;dual personality雙重人格;dual control雙重管轄;

  duel“決斗,競爭”;fight a duel with sb.與某人決斗;challenge sb. to a duel向某人提出決斗;a duel of wits斗智

  33.eatable和edible

  eatable a.“可食用的,可吃的”;n.“食物、食品”。

  edible a.“適合食用的,可以吃的”;n.“食品”。

  在指吃的時(shí)候二者可通用:The toast was burnt and barely eatable/edible.但在其他情況下不一樣。

  If something is eatable, it may be eaten (though it may not be safe or desirable to do so); but, if something is edible it is safe to eat.

  34.economical和economic

  economic“經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的,經(jīng)濟(jì)上的”an economic survey of Scotland

  蘇格蘭經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)查;an economic blockade經(jīng)濟(jì)封鎖;economical“節(jié)儉的,經(jīng)濟(jì)的”;He's had to learn to be more economical now that his only income is a small pension.

  35.evoke和invoke

  evoke“喚起,引起”;evoke admiration引起羨慕。

  invoke“祈求(神靈)保佑,乞靈于”,行使(法權(quán));The shaman invokes the spirits of their ancestors. If our case fails in the national courts we will invoke the European Declaration on Human Rights.

  36.fatal和fateful

  fatal “causing death or disaster”“致命的”; a fatal disease不治之癥;a fatal wound致命傷。

  fateful“crucial, significant, deciding one's fate”“重大的”,“決定性的,決定命運(yùn)的”; On that one fateful day in October, millions of pounds werewiped off the value of shares.

  37.fictional和fictitious

  fictional“虛構(gòu)的,小說的”。

  fictitious“虛構(gòu)的,編造的”(denotes something that is not real and has been created with the intention of deceiving others);He gave the police afictitious name.

  38.historical和historic

  historical“有關(guān)歷史的”,“歷史的”, the historical period歷史階段;historical personage歷史人物。

  historic“歷史上有名的,有歷史意義的”, historic town歷史名城。

  39.impassable和impassible “不能通行的”,“不可逾越的”;

  an impassable swam不能通行的沼澤地。

  impassible“不感疼痛的;無動(dòng)于衷的”; an impassible God無動(dòng)于衷的神。

  40.infer和imply

  infer“猜想,臆測”,“推斷”;infer a motive from an effect從效果推知?jiǎng)訖C(jī)。

  imply“含有……的意思”; Do you realize what his words imply?你領(lǐng)會(huì)他說話的含意嗎? I do not imply that you are wrong.我的意思不是說你錯(cuò)了。

  41.impractical和 impracticable (not sensible or efficient or not actually possible)“不切實(shí)際的,不現(xiàn)實(shí)的”。

  impracticable (not able to be done or used)“不能實(shí)行的,行不通的”;With a river on one side and a steep drop on the other, it is impracticable to widen the road.

  42.incredible和incredulous

  incredible“不可相信的,難以置信的”;incredible energy驚人的能量,精力。

  incredulous“不相信的,表示懷疑的”;be incredulous of hearsay不相信道聽途說;an incredulous look懷疑的目光。

  43.ingenious和ingenuous

  ingenious“機(jī)靈的”; an ingenious mind機(jī)靈的頭腦;an ingenious machine精巧的機(jī)器。

  ingenuous“直率的,坦白的”。

  44.intense和intensive

  intense“激烈的,強(qiáng)烈的”,“緊張的”an intense light強(qiáng)烈的燈光;intense heat酷熱;an intense life奮發(fā)圖強(qiáng)的生活。

  intensive“加強(qiáng)的,集中的”;“深入細(xì)致的,徹底的”; an intensive bombardment密集炮擊;an intensive study徹底的研究;an intensive reading精讀(opp. extensive reading泛讀)。

  45.junction和juncture

  junction“接合,連接”,“(河流的)匯合處”; make a junction取得聯(lián)絡(luò),連接起來junction box接線盒。

  juncture (a particular point in time or in a sequence of events)“接合,連接”,“時(shí)機(jī),關(guān)頭”;an important juncture in a man's career人生歷程中的重要關(guān)頭;at this juncture在這個(gè)時(shí)候;in the present critical juncture of things在目前這一危急關(guān)頭下。

  46.apt和prone

  它們都具有“tending to or in the habit of”的意思,但是prone只用于人。Elderly people are prone to falls, often because of arthritic joints or dizziness.

  47.loose和lose

  loose“松的,寬的”。

  lose“丟失”; lose one's balance失去平衡,跌倒;lose one's head被搞糊涂。

  48.luxuriant和luxurious

  luxuriant (growing strongly or vigorously; abundant, prolific)“繁茂的;多產(chǎn)的;豐富的”;His luxuriant beard was red.

  luxurious“豪華的,奢侈的”;a luxurious table奢侈的飯菜。

  49.magical和magic

  它們都和magic有關(guān)系,但是magical也有“wonderful, entrancing”的意思。50.masterly和masterfulmasterly (showing great skill or the skill of a master)“熟練的;名家的”。

  masterful (showing power or authority)“主人派頭的,專橫的”;You?re so strong and masterful.

  51.obsolete和obsolescent

  obsolete(no longer in use or already out of date)“已廢棄的,已不用的”; an obsolete vessel廢艦;an obsolete word已廢的詞。

  obsolescent (going out of use or becoming out of date)“逐漸被廢棄的,快要不用的”;Do you think that faxes are obsolescent?

  52. officious和official

  officious“愛管閑事的”,“非正式的”;an officious statement非正式聲明。official“官方的”,“公務(wù)上的”; an official gazette官方通報(bào);an official letter公函,公文;an official record正式記錄53.peaceable和peaceful peaceable (peace?loving, mild, placid, not inclined to quarrel or fight or existing in peace)“平和的”;“溫和的”;“溫順的”。peaceful“和平的,太平的”;“寧靜的”;“愛好和平的”;a peaceful night's sleep ; peaceful coexistence和平共處;peaceful uses of atomic energy原子能的和平應(yīng)用。

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