2014考研英語(yǔ)：翻譯習(xí)題精選(二）_跨考網(wǎng)

　　2014考研英語(yǔ)：翻譯習(xí)題精選(二)

　　醫(yī)生殺人不犯法

　　1、The Supreme Court's decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.

　　最高法庭關(guān)于醫(yī)生協(xié)助病人結(jié)束生命問題的裁決，對(duì)于如何用藥物減輕病危者的痛苦這個(gè)問題來(lái)說(shuō)，具有重要的意義。

　　2、Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of "double effect, "a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects — a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen — is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.

　　盡管裁決認(rèn)為，憲法沒有賦予醫(yī)生幫助病人自殺的權(quán)利，然而最高法庭實(shí)際上卻認(rèn)可了醫(yī)療界的“雙效”原則，這個(gè)存在了好幾個(gè)世紀(jì)的道德原則認(rèn)為，如果某種行為具有雙重效果(希望達(dá)到的好效果和可以預(yù)見得到的壞效果)，那么，只要行為實(shí)施只是想達(dá)到好的效果，這個(gè)行為就是可以允許的。

　　3、Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients' pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient. Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who "until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death."

　　近年來(lái)，醫(yī)生們一直在借用這項(xiàng)原則，為自己替病?；颊咦⑸浯髣┝康膯岱孺?zhèn)痛的做法提供正當(dāng)?shù)睦碛?，盡管他們知道，不斷增加的劑量最終會(huì)殺死病人。蒙特非奧里醫(yī)療中心主任南希?都博勒認(rèn)為，這項(xiàng)原則將消除部分醫(yī)生的疑慮，這些醫(yī)生在此之前一直強(qiáng)烈地認(rèn)為，如果給病人充分的藥品來(lái)止痛會(huì)加速他們的死亡的話那就不能這樣做。

　　4、George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. "It's like surgery," he says. "We don't call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn't intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you're a physician, you can risk your patient's suicide as long as you don't intend their suicide."

　　波士頓大學(xué)健康法律系主任喬治?安納斯堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，只要醫(yī)生是出于合理的醫(yī)療目的開藥，那么即使服用此藥會(huì)加速病人的死亡，醫(yī)生的行為也沒有違法。“這就像做手術(shù)，”他說(shuō)，“我們不能稱那些死亡為殺人是因?yàn)獒t(yī)生并沒有想殺死病人，盡管他們敢冒病人死亡的危險(xiǎn)。假定你是一名醫(yī)生，只要你并沒有想讓病人自殺，你就可以去冒你的病人自殺的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?！?/p>

　　5、On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.

　　另一方面，許多醫(yī)療界人士承認(rèn)，致使醫(yī)助自殺這場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)論升溫的部分原因是由于病人們的絕望情緒，對(duì)這些病人來(lái)說(shuō)，現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)延長(zhǎng)了臨終前肉體的痛苦。